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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer >Numerical and experimental investigation of scale formation on steel tubes in a real-size reheating furnace
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Numerical and experimental investigation of scale formation on steel tubes in a real-size reheating furnace

机译：大型加热炉钢管结垢的数值与实验研究

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Precise knowledge of the scale mass formed is essential for the production of high quality steel. In this context several different models have been developed to represent the formation of the scale layer, all of these based on a purely parabolic approach. In the present work computational fluid dynamics (CFD) is used to characterize gas phase combustion and steel heating in a walking beam type reheating furnace. The developed model is based on two separate simulations. The great advantage here is that the elaborate combustion calculation is performed in a stationary simulation, while the transient heating is considered in a comparatively small domain minimizing computational effort. This allows the usage of a scale formation model without an excessive increase in computing time, with the results that this method is numerically highly efficient. In this work a user-defined function (UDF) has been applied to characterize scale formation. The model is able to calculate local scale mass based on steel temperature, time as well as the associated species concentration in the surrounding atmosphere. In addition, the model is able to depict the insulating effect due to the low thermal conductivity of the scale. The influence turned out to be minor, since the heating time is low compared to other similar furnaces. This has been evaluated by comparing the results to the model neglecting the insulating effect. The results are further compared with a analytical model based on a parabolic approach. Moreover, measurements on the real furnace have been performed. The weight of several tubes before and after heating has been recorded, as indicators of the scale mass formed. Measurements in real furnaces represent a major challenge, and the results show a very close agreement with the numerical results we have achieved. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
机译：对形成的氧化皮质量的精确了解对于生产优质钢至关重要。在这种情况下，已经开发了几种不同的模型来表示水垢层的形成，所有这些模型均基于纯抛物线方法。在本工作中，使用计算流体力学（CFD）来表征步进梁式加热炉中的气相燃烧和钢加热。开发的模型基于两个单独的仿真。此处的最大优点是，在固定的模拟中执行了精心设计的燃烧计算，而在相对较小的范围内考虑了瞬态加热，从而使计算量最小化。这允许在不过度增加计算时间的情况下使用水垢形成模型，结果该方法在数值上是高效的。在这项工作中，已使用用户定义的函数（UDF）来表征水垢形成。该模型能够根据钢水温度，时间以及周围大气中相关的物质浓度计算局部尺度质量。另外，该模型能够描述由于秤的低热导率而产生的隔热效果。由于与其他类似的熔炉相比加热时间短，因此影响很小。通过将结果与忽略绝缘效应的模型进行比较，可以对此进行评估。将结果与基于抛物线法的分析模型进行了进一步比较。而且，已经在真实炉子上进行了测量。记录加热前后几根管的重量，作为形成水垢质量的指标。在真实的熔炉中进行测量是一个重大挑战，结果表明与我们获得的数值结果非常接近。 （C）2018 Elsevier Ltd.保留所有权利。

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