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A review of transport mechanisms and models for unconventional tight shale gas reservoir systems

机译：非传统紧张页岩气藏系统的运输机制与模型综述

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Gas transport in unconventional reservoirs is highly complex by differing greatly from those in conventional reservoirs with low porosity and permeability. Shale incorporates both organic and inorganic matter which by their nature are discrete. A striking peculiarity of the shale matrix is the pore structures occurring mainly in sizes ranging from a few to hundreds of nanometers. Certain interactions taking place between fluid-pore wall influence drastic changes in the physical properties of fluid, and thereby incen-tivize different mass transfer mechanisms coupled simultaneously as continuum flow, slip flow, transition flow of bulk gas flow, and absorb gas surface diffusion. Historically, flow behavior in porous media can be denoted by an apparent permeability parameter as the coupling result of gas transport in the organic and inorganic pores. Three main approaches of estimating apparent permeability are applied in the literature, namely experiment, numerical, and analytical methods; every method has its merits and demerits. Among them, analytical methods have been developed in cognizance of critical underlying factors of nanoporous media, and were found to be relatively easy to use, precise, and sufficiently instantaneous compared to other available methods of approximating gas flow behavior. The present work aims to systematically review those analytical models with a special focus on fundamental flow mechanisms in tight shale reservoirs. Different model classifications and dependence parameters are discussed in detail. The influence of pore cross-section shapes on fluid flow capacity in the shale matrix was elaborated as well. On account of the existing studies, models differ greatly in the way they capture the actual physics of tight gas reservoir systems. The review therefore concluded that fluid transport models should comprehensively incorporate multifaceted effects of a reservoir to be considered apt for accurate predictions of the recoverable gas resources in shales.
机译：由于具有低孔隙率和渗透性的传统储层中的那些，非常常规水库中的气体运输非常复杂。 Shale含有有机和无机物质，其性质是离散的。 SHALE基质的醒目特殊性是主要发生的孔结构，其尺寸范围从几到数百纳米的尺寸。在流体 - 孔隙壁之间发生的某些相互作用会影响流体物理性质的剧烈变化，从而激活不同的质量传递机制，同时同时耦合，作为连续流动，滑动流动，散装气体流动的过渡流程，吸收气体表面扩散。从历史上看，多孔介质中的流动行为可以通过表观渗透性参数表示作为有机和无机孔中的气体输送的耦合结果。估计表观渗透率的三种主要方法适用于文献，即实验，数值和分析方法;每种方法都有其优点和缺点。其中，与纳米多孔介质的关键潜在因子的认识，已经开发了分析方法，并且被发现与近似气体流动行为的其他可用方法相比使用，精确和充分瞬时。本工作旨在系统地审查那些专注于紧密页岩水库的基本流动机制的分析模型。详细讨论了不同的模型分类和依赖性参数。孔横截面形状对页岩基质中的流体流动容量的影响是阐述的。由于现有的研究，模型在捕获紧的燃气藏系统的实际物理方面非常差异。因此，审查得出结论，流体运输模型应全面地纳入储层的多方面效应，以便被认为是准确预测所回收的石头可回收天然气资源。

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