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Comparison of the pseudo-single-phase continuum model and the homogeneous single-phase model of nanofluids

机译：纳米流体的拟单相连续模型与均质单相模型的比较

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Highlights•The effect of nonuniform distribution of nanoparticles on the enhancement of heat transfer is investigated.•The pseudo-single-phase continuum model and the homogeneous single-phase model of nanofluids are compared.•Thermophoresis causes spatially inhomogeneous thermal conductivity which effects the heat transfer enhancement.AbstractWe investigate forced convection of a nanofluid in the entrance region of a cylinder and in the fully-developed region of a coaxial cylinder employing the pseudo-single-phase continuum model and the homogeneous single-phase model. While the homogeneous single-phase model assumes a uniform nanoparticle distribution, the pseudo-single-phase continuum model takes care of nonuniform nanoparticle distribution. There has been controversy regarding the cause of heat transfer enhancement in nanofluids. Whether it is caused solely by the variation of thermophysical properties or the nanoparticle distribution also affect it. This controversy may be resolved employing these two models. It is found that nanoparticles drift from hot wall to cold central region in the entrance region, while they drift from cold inner surface to hot outer surface in the fully-developed coaxial cylinder due to the thermophoresis. The resulting nonuniform distributions of nanoparticles are found to add the heat transfer enhancement slightly. On the other hand, the frictional dissipation increases when the heat transfer rate increases. In a sense, the enhanced heat transfer rate is partly achieved at the expense of a higher energy consumption.
机译： 突出显示 • 研究了纳米颗粒分布不均匀对增强传热的影响。 • 伪单相连续体模型并比较了纳米流体的均匀单相模型。 • 热固性会导致空间上不均匀的热导率，从而影响传热。 摘要 我们研究了圆柱体入口区域和发达区域中纳米流体的强制对流使用伪单相连续体模型和均质单相模型对同轴圆柱体进行分析。虽然均质单相模型假定纳米颗粒分布均匀，但伪单相连续体模型负责纳米颗粒的不均匀分布。关于纳米流体中传热增强的原因一直存在争议。无论是仅由热物理性质的变化还是由纳米颗粒的分布引起的，也会影响它。使用这两种模型可以解决这个争议。已经发现，由于热泳，纳米粒子在入口区域中从热壁漂移到冷的中心区域，而在完全发达的同轴圆柱体中从冷的内表面漂移到热的外表面。发现所得的纳米颗粒的不均匀分布稍微增加了热传递增强。另一方面，当热传递速率增加时，摩擦耗散增加。从某种意义上讲，提高的传热速率部分是以较高的能耗为代价的。

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