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An experimental study of frost formation on cryogenic surfaces under natural convection conditions

机译：自然对流条件下低温表面结霜的实验研究

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摘要

An experimental system of frost deposition on cryogenic-temperature surfaces under natural convection conditions was set up and a series of frost formation experiments were conducted under various conditions, focusing on the frosting phenomena on horizontally- and vertically-placed cryogenic-temperature surfaces under natural convection conditions especially the early stage frost formation phenomena. The influences of surface temperature, air temperature and air relative humidity were also carefully studied of frost formation on vertical cryogenic surfaces. A very peculiar and important phenomenon for frost formation on cryogenic-temperature surfaces observed is that liquid air droplets were first formed on cryogenic-temperature surface if surface temperature is lower than -165 ℃ before frost crystals appeared. The liquid droplets on horizontally-placed surfaces may exist for a quite long time and even form a continuous film, and have significant influences on frost deposition. It was found that frost crystal clusters deposited on liquid air droplets are not static, they moves both as and relatively to the droplets. The frost layer growth on the vertical surfaces of cryogenic-temperature is highly non-uniform and exists a downward growth period during which the frost layer grows mainly along the downward direction of the vertical surfaces. It was also found that under very low surface temperature and natural convection conditions, as the surface temperature drops, the frost layer thickness decreases. This is completely different to the phenomenon observed on ordinary low-temperature cold surfaces.
机译：建立了自然对流条件下低温表面结霜的实验系统，并针对自然条件下水平和垂直放置的低温表面结霜现象，在不同条件下进行了一系列结霜实验。条件特别是早期结霜现象。还仔细研究了表面温度，空气温度和空气相对湿度对垂直低温表面结霜的影响。观察到的在低温表面上结霜的一个非常特殊而重要的现象是，如果表面温度低于-165℃，则在结霜晶体出现之前，首先在低温表面上会形成液滴。水平放置的表面上的液滴可能会存在很长时间，甚至形成连续的膜，并且对霜的沉积有重大影响。已经发现，沉积在液态空气小滴上的霜晶簇不是静止的，它们既相对于液滴又相对于液滴运动。低温温度的垂直表面上的霜层生长高度不均匀，并且存在向下生长期，在此期间霜层主要沿垂直表面的向下方向生长。还发现在非常低的表面温度和自然对流条件下，随着表面温度下降，霜层厚度减小。这与在普通的低温冷表面上观察到的现象完全不同。

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