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Tree-shaped flow structures with local junction losses

机译：具有局部结点损失的树形流动结构

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This paper is a fundamental study of the effect of junction losses on the optimized geometry of tree-shaped flows. Several classes of flows are investigated systematically in a T-shaped construct with fixed internal and external size: laminar with non-negligible entrance and junction losses, and turbulent in tubes with smooth and rough walls. It is shown that in all cases junction losses have a sizeable effect on optimized geometry when Sυ~2 < 10, where the svelteness Sυ is a global property of the entire flow system: Sυ = external length scale/ internal length scale. The relationship between the global Sυ and the slenderness of individual channels is discussed. The study shows that, in general, the duct slenderness decreases as the tree architecture becomes finer and more complex. In conclusion, miniaturization pushes flow architectures not only toward the smaller, finer and more complex, but also toward the domain in which junction losses must be taken into account in the optimization of geometry.
机译：本文是对结损失对树形流的优化几何形状影响的基础研究。在固定内部和外部尺寸的T形结构中，系统地研究了几类流：层流具有不可忽略的入口和连接损失，并且在具有光滑且粗糙壁的管中具有湍流。结果表明，在所有情况下，当Sυ〜2 <10时，结点损失都会对优化的几何形状产生相当大的影响，其中，坡度Sυ是整个流动系统的全局特性：Sυ=外部长度标度/内部长度标度。讨论了全球Sυ与单个渠道的细长性之间的关系。研究表明，总的来说，随着树木结构的细化和复杂，风管的细长度会降低。总而言之，微型化不仅将流动体系结构推向更小，更细，更复杂的方向，而且还推动了在几何优化中必须考虑结点损失的领域。

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