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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer >Species heat and mass transfer in a human upper airway model
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Species heat and mass transfer in a human upper airway model

机译：人类上呼吸道模型中的物种传热和传质

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Steady 3-D airflow and scalar transport of ultrafine particles, d{sub}p < 0.1μm, and fuel vapors within the human upper airways are simulated and analyzed for laminar as well as locally turbulent flow conditions. Presently, our respiratory system consists of two major segments of a simplified human cast replica, i.e., a representative oral airway from mouth to trachea (Generation 0) and a symmetric four-generation upper bronchial tree model (G0-G3). The simulation has been validated with experimental data in terms of ultrafine particle deposition efficiencies. The present computational results show the following; (1) At low breathing rates (Q{sub}(in)≈15 l/min), ambient temperature variations (ΔT{sub}(max) = 47℃) influence the local velocity fields and vapor concentrations; however, the total and segmental deposition fractions of fuel vapor in the upper airway are essentially unaffected. (2) The inlet flow rate has a significant effect on vapor deposition, i.e., the higher the flow rate the lower the deposition fraction. (3) The convective heat transfer coefficient averaged over an individual bifurcation unit can be correlated as Nu = 0.568(RePr){sup}0.495 (600 < Re < 6000). (4) Two new Sherwood number correlations capture the convective mass transfer for the oral airway and individual bifurcations. The methodology outlined and physical insight provided can be also applied to other intake configurations, such as engine ports and inlets to air-breathing propulsion systems.
机译：对d {sub} p <0.1μm的超细颗粒的稳定3-D气流和标量传输以及人的上呼吸道内的燃料蒸气进行了模拟和分析，以了解层流以及局部湍流情况。目前，我们的呼吸系统由简化的人体模型的两个主要部分组成，即从嘴到气管的代表性口腔气道（第0代）和对称的第4代上支气管树模型（G0-G3）。根据超细颗粒沉积效率的实验数据验证了该模拟。目前的计算结果表明： （1）在低呼吸速率（Q {sub}（in）≈15l / min）下，环境温度变化（ΔT{sub}（max）= 47℃）影响局部速度场和蒸汽浓度；然而，上呼吸道中的燃料蒸气的全部和分段沉积分数基本上不受影响。 （2）入口流速对气相沉积有显着影响，即，流速越高，沉积分数越低。 （3）在单个分叉单元上平均的对流传热系数可以关联为Nu = 0.568（RePr）{sup} 0.495（600

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