Upgrading Kaplan units using tailor-made procedures

R. Grunder

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Upgrading Kaplan units using tailor-made procedures

机译：使用量身定制的程序升级Kaplan单元

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Four examples are described of European hydro schemes where Kaplan units have been upgraded, based on different development procedures, demonstrating the need for tailor-made solutions based on the various available design tools such as model testing and CFD. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has routinely been used for the past 15 years, and this modern tool has played an important role in turbine modernisation and upgrading, which has become a major activity for the hydro industry worldwide. Upgraded units represent a significant share of the new installed sustainable energy today. These projects have the advantage that they can be implemented much faster than new hydro schemes, as they give rise to fewer environmental concerns. With large units such as those at Iron Gates 1 and Birsfelden [Grunder and Annen, 1999] the economic benefits allow for conventional runner development procedures, combining CFD and model testing. However, in the case of small and medium units, a large upgrading potential may exist, but development costs can jeopardize the attractiveness of the project. Such units require appropriate tailor-made procedures, as will be shown by the examples described in this article.

机译：描述了欧洲水利计划的四个示例，其中根据不同的开发程序对Kaplan机组进行了升级，表明需要基于各种可用的设计工具（例如模型测试和CFD）量身定制的解决方案。在过去的15年中，计算流体动力学（CFD）已被常规使用，并且该现代工具在涡轮机现代化和升级中扮演了重要角色，这已成为全球水利行业的一项主要活动。升级后的装置在当今新安装的可持续能源中占了很大的份额。这些项目的优势在于，与新的水电计划相比，它们的实施速度要快得多，因为它们引起的环境问题更少。对于大型设备，例如Iron Gate 1和Birsfelden [Grunder and Annen，1999]的设备，经济利益允许传统的流道开发程序，将CFD和模型测试结合起来。但是，在中小型单位的情况下，可能存在较大的升级潜力，但开发成本可能会损害项目的吸引力。此类单元需要适当的量身定制的程序，如本文中描述的示例所示。

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《International Journal on Hydropower & Dams》 |2004年第3期|p.54-57|共4页
作者
R. Grunder;
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VA TECH Hydro Ltd, Hardstrasse 319, CH-8023 Zurich, Switzerland;

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正文语种 eng
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7. Proposal for a Council Regulation (EC)on certain procedures for applying the Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Czech Republic, of the other part; 94/0331 (ACC): Proposal for a Council Regulation (EC) on certain procedures for applying the Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Slovak Republic, of the other part (presented by the Commission). Communication from the Commission: Request for Council assent and consultation of the ECSC committee, pursuant to Article 95 of the ECSC Treaty, concerning a draft; Commission Decisionon certain procedures for applying the Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Czech Republic, of the other part; Commission Decisionon certain procedures for applying the Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Slovak Republic, of the other part; Commission Decisionon certain procedures for applying the Agreement on free trade and trade-related matters between the European Community, the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Coal and Steel Community of the one part, and the Republic of Estonia, of the other part, Commission Decisionon certain procedures for applying the Agreement on free trade and trade-related matters between theEuropean Community, the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Coal and Steel Community of the one part, and the Republic of Latvia, of the other part, Commission Decision on certain procedures for applying the Agreement on free trade and trade-related matters between theEuropean Community, the European Atomic Energy Community and the European Coal and Steel Community of the one part, and the Republic of Lithuania, of the other part, Commission Decision on certain procedures for applying the Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and the Republic of Bulgaria, of the other part; Commission Decision on certain procedures for applying the Europe Agreement establishing an association between the European Communities and their Member States, of the one part, and Romania, of the other part. COM (94) 680 final, 16 December 1994 [O] . 1994

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Upgrading Kaplan units using tailor-made procedures

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