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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of image and data fusion >Dynamic simulation of dam-break scenarios for risk analysis and disaster management
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Dynamic simulation of dam-break scenarios for risk analysis and disaster management

机译：溃坝场景的动态模拟，用于风险分析和灾难管理

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摘要

We explore the effect of dam wall collapse scenarios on the extent and speed of inundation resulting from a dam-break by taking advantage of the easy inclusion of dynamic moving objects in the smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method. Insight into the degree of practical variation in the flood behaviours that can be generated by both the presence of dam wall fragments and the collapse sequence is investigated via a case study using key locations downstream of the Geheyan Dam, Hubei, China. Scenarios considered include ones initiated by seismic fracture, overtopping and foundation failure. The nature of the scenario determines the rate of increase of area of the breach and therefore the discharge flow rate, which in turn strongly influences the extent and timing of inundation for timescales of up to 1 h and distances of up to 10 km from the dam wall. Beyond this, the influence of the specific scenario declines. The presence of the dam wall fragments in the flow strongly influences the pattern of flooding and can protect some locations and lead to increased flooding in others. The flow in all cases has a complex three-dimensional structure, with multiple hydraulic jumps due to variations in the valley floor gradient and width. The SPH method therefore provides the ability to include realistic variations in the dam-break mechanism, thereby leading to more informed risk analysis planning before a dam-break occurs. The methodology for including these SPH flood predictions into a geographical information system (GIS) is also described. One of the collapse scenarios is used to demonstrate the ability of the GIS to then make predictions of expected flood area and the extent of flooding of villages, towns and key infrastructure. The inclusion of SPH into a GIS framework will allow the modelling to be used for disaster management following a dam-break event.
机译：通过利用平滑粒子流体动力学（SPH）方法中容易包含动态移动物体的优势，我们探索了大坝墙倒塌情景对大坝溃坝造成的淹没程度和速度的影响。通过使用湖北隔河岩大坝下游关键位置的案例研究，研究了由于坝壁碎片的存在和倒塌序列而产生的洪水行为的实际变化程度。所考虑的情况包括地震破裂，覆岩破裂和地基破坏引发的情况。方案的性质决定了违规面积的增加率，因此也决定了排放流量，这反过来会严重影响淹没的程度和时间（对于长达1小时的时标和距水坝的最大距离为10 km）壁。除此之外，特定方案的影响也有所下降。坝壁碎片在水流中的存在会严重影响洪水的发生方式，并可以保护某些地点并导致其他地方的洪水泛滥。在所有情况下，水流都具有复杂的三维结构，由于谷底坡度和宽度的变化，水力会发生多次跳跃。因此，SPH方法提供了在溃坝机制中包括实际变化的能力，从而导致在溃坝发生之前进行更明智的风险分析计划。还介绍了将这些SPH洪水预测包括到地理信息系统（GIS）中的方法。倒塌场景之一用于演示GIS​​的能力，然后对预期洪水区域以及村庄，城镇和主要基础设施的洪水程度进行预测。将SPH包含在GIS框架中将使该模型可以在溃坝事件后用于灾难管理。

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