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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Innovative Computing Information and Control >EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF MAPPING FUNCTIONS FOR NAVIGATION IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS USING PHONES WITH INTEGRATED SENSORS
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EMPIRICAL EVALUATION OF MAPPING FUNCTIONS FOR NAVIGATION IN VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS USING PHONES WITH INTEGRATED SENSORS

机译：使用带有集成传感器的电话在虚拟环境中导航的映射功能的实证评估

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摘要

Mobile phones provide an interesting all-in-one alternative for 3D input devices in virtual environments. Mobile phones are both touch sensitive and spatially aware, and they are now part of our daily activities. We present Phone-Based Motion Control, a novel one-handed travel technique for a virtual environment. The technique benefits from the touch sensitivity of the mobile phone to change the viewpoint translation in virtual environments, while the orientation of the viewpoint is controlled by built-in sensors in the mobile phone. The travel interaction thus separates translation (touch based translation control) and rotation (steer based rotation control), putting each set of degrees of freedom (DOF) to a separate interaction technique (separability). This paper investigates, how many DOF are needed to perform the travel task as easy and comfortable as possible. It also investigates different mapping functions between the users actions on the mobile phone and the viewpoint change in the virtual environment. Therefore, four techniques are implemented: rotate by heading, rotate by roll, rotate by roll with fixed horizon, and a merged rotation. Each technique has either 4 or 5 DOF and different mappings between phone and viewpoint coordinates in the virtual environment. We perform a user study to explore different aspects related to the travel techniques in terms of DOF and mapping functions. Results of the user study show that 4 DOF travel techniques are advantageous for traveling in VE. Also the participants subjectively preferred the use of mobile roll as the desired mapping to control the viewpoint heading in the VE.
机译：移动电话为虚拟环境中的3D输入设备提供了一种有趣的多合一替代方案。移动电话既具有触摸感应功能，又具有空间感知能力，现在已成为我们日常活动的一部分。我们介绍基于电话的运动控制，这是一种针对虚拟环境的新颖单手旅行技术。该技术得益于手机的触摸灵敏度，可以在虚拟环境中更改视点平移，而视点的方向由手机中的内置传感器控制。因此，行程交互将平移（基于触摸的平移控制）和旋转（基于转向的旋转控制）分开，从而将每组自由度（DOF）置于单独的交互技术（可分离性）上。本文研究了需要多少自由度来尽可能轻松舒适地执行旅行任务。它还研究了用户在手机上的操作与虚拟环境中的视点变化之间的不同映射功能。因此，实现了四种技术：按航向旋转，按滚动旋转，具有固定水平线的滚动旋转和合并旋转。每种技术都有4个或5个自由度，并且虚拟环境中电话和视点坐标之间的映射不同。我们进行用户研究，以从自由度和制图功能方面探讨与旅行技术有关的不同方面。用户研究的结果表明，四种自由度旅行技术对于在VE中旅行是有利的。参与者还主观上更喜欢使用移动侧倾作为所需的映射来控制VE中的视点航向。

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    Amal Benzina; Arindam Dey; Marcus Toennis; Gudrun Klinker;

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    Fachgebiet Augmented Reality Technische Universitaet Muenchen Fakultaet fuer Informatik Boltzmannstrasse 3, 85748 Garching b. Miinchen, Germany;

    School of Information Technology and Mathematical Sciences University of South Australia Adelaide, South Australia 5001, Australia;

    Fachgebiet Augmented Reality Technische Universitaet Muenchen Fakultaet fuer Informatik Boltzmannstrasse 3, 85748 Garching b. Miinchen, Germany;

    Fachgebiet Augmented Reality Technische Universitaet Muenchen Fakultaet fuer Informatik Boltzmannstrasse 3, 85748 Garching b. Miinchen, Germany;

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