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首页> 外文期刊>The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment >Water footprint inventory database of Thai rice farming for water policy decisions and water scarcity footprint label
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Water footprint inventory database of Thai rice farming for water policy decisions and water scarcity footprint label

机译：泰国水稻种植的水足迹库存数据库，用于水政策决策和缺水足迹标签

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Purpose Rice is a major economic crop which has created local livelihood, careers and incomes in the agricultural sector in Thailand, one of the leading rice producers at global scale. Rice is a key commodity in the agriculture sector requiring the highest portion of water demand, around 40% out of the total sector demand of 65%. This study was aimed to develop the water footprint database of rice farming at the national level to support the information for area-based water management and water footprint label based on the methodology described in ISO14046. Methods The water footprint inventory data associated with the 8 main cultivated rice species were gathered in accordance with the ISO 14046 Water Footprint. The statistical data of rice cultivation area and production in 2016 were used as the basis for sampling to cover 62% of the national annual production with a 90% confidence interval. Eight rice species were sampled by simple random sampling method, covering 62% of the national annual production with a 90% confidence interval. The total number of samples was 817, covering 114 samples of Khao Dok Mali 105, 103 samples of Pathumthani 1, 103 samples of Phitsanulok 2, 112 samples of RD41, 112 samples of Chainat 1, 103 samples of RD6, 70 samples of San Pah Tawng 1 and 100 samples of riceberry. Results and discussion The study found that the rice cultivation in Thailand had an average water footprint inventory of 1665 m(3)/t and a water scarcity footprint of 334 m(3)H(2)Oe/t paddy rice. One hectare of rice cultivation normally required water around 6340 m(3)/ha on the average. The results showed that Khao Dok Mali 105 has the highest water scarcity (598 m(3)H(2)Oe/t paddy rice) as the Northeastern area where it is cultivated, has the highest water stress index. This was followed by RD6, Riceberry, Phitsanulok 2, Pathumthani 1, San Pah Tawng 1 and RD41. Chainat 1 species has the lowest water scarcity footprint (220 m(3)H(2)Oe/t paddy rice). Conclusions The replacement of rice with sugarcane/cassava could potentially reduce the water scarcity footprint by more than half. The shifting of cultivation period when the average rainfall was higher could slightly decrease the amount of total water requirements, whereas the implementation of alternate wet and dry farming system instead of continual flooding system would moderately reduce the amount of total water requirements. It is expected to use the water footprint national database for more effective water resource management for rice cultivation and to support the decisions on national water policy and the implementation of water scarcity footprint label.
机译：目的稻米是一种主要的经济作物，它在泰国的农业部门中创造了当地的生计，职业和收入，而泰国是全球规模上领先的稻米生产国之一。大米是农业部门的重要商品，需水量最高，占部门总需求的65％约40％。这项研究旨在在国家一级建立水稻种植的水足迹数据库，以支持基于ISO14046中所述方法的基于区域的水管理和水足迹标签信息。方法根据ISO 14046水足迹，收集与8种主要栽培稻种有关的水足迹清单数据。以2016年水稻种植面积和产量的统计数据为基础，以90％的置信区间覆盖全国62％的年产量。通过简单的随机抽样方法对八种水稻进行了抽样，覆盖了全国年产量的62％，置信区间为90％。样本总数为817，涵盖Khao Dok Mali 105的114样本，Pathumthani的103样本，彭世洛的103样本2，RD41的112样本，Chanat的112样本，RD6的103样本，San Pah的70样本。托恩1和100个Riceberry样品。结果与讨论研究发现，泰国的水稻种植平均水足迹为1665 m（3）/ t，缺水足迹为334 m（3）H（2）Oe / t水稻。一公顷水稻种植通常平均需要约6340 m（3）/ ha的水。结果表明，Khao Dok Mali 105的缺水量最高（598 m（3）H（2）Oe / t水稻），而其种植的东北地区的缺水指数最高。紧随其后的是RD6，Riceberry，彭世洛2，Pathumthani 1，San Pah Tawng 1和RD41。 Chainat 1物种的缺水足迹最低（220 m（3）H（2）Oe / t水稻）。结论用甘蔗/木薯代替大米可以将缺水足迹减少一半以上。平均降雨量较高时，耕作期的变化可能会略有减少总需水量，而采用干湿交替耕作制度而不是连续驱水制度会适度减少总需水量。预计将使用国家水足迹数据库来更有效地管理水稻种植的水资源，并支持有关国家水政策和缺水足迹标签实施的决定。

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