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SIW antennas as hybrid energy harvesting and power management platforms for the internet of things

机译：SIW天线作为物联网的混合能量收集和电源管理平台

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摘要

A novel antenna-harvester co-design paradigm is presented for wireless nodes operating in an Internet of Things context. The strategy leads to compact and highly-integrated units, which are able to set up a reliable and energy-efficient wireless communication link, and to simultaneously harvest energy from up to three different sources, including thermal body energy, solar, and artificial light. The core of the unit consists of a substrate-integrated-waveguide (SIW) antenna. Its surface serves as a platform for the flexible energy-harvesting hardware, which also comprises the power management system. To demonstrate the approach, two different SIW cavity-backed slot antennas and a novel compact dual linearly polarized SIW antenna are presented. These topologies facilitate the integration of additional hardware without degrading performance. In the meantime, they enable comfortable integration into garments or unobtrusive embedding into floors or walls. Measurements on prototypes validate the integration procedure by verifying that the integrated hardware has a negligible influence on the performance of all discussed SIW antennas. Finally, measurements in four well-chosen indoor scenarios demonstrate that a hybrid energy-harvesting approach is necessary to obtain a more continuous flow and a higher amount of scavenged energy, leading to a higher system autonomy and/or reduced battery size.
机译：针对在物联网环境中运行的无线节点，提出了一种新颖的天线-收割机协同设计范例。该策略导致了紧凑且高度集成的单元，这些单元能够建立可靠且节能的无线通信链路，并能够同时从多达三个不同的源（包括热体能，太阳能和人造光）中收集能量。该单元的核心由衬底集成波导（SIW）天线组成。它的表面用作灵活的能量收集硬件的平台，其中还包括电源管理系统。为了演示该方法，提出了两种不同的SIW腔背隙缝隙天线和一种新颖的紧凑型双线性极化SIW天线。这些拓扑有助于在不降低性能的情况下集成其他硬件。同时，它们可以舒适地集成到衣服中，也可以轻松地嵌入地板或墙壁中。通过验证集成硬件对所有讨论的SIW天线性能的影响可以忽略不计，对原型的测量验证了集成过程。最后，在四种精心选择的室内场景中进行的测量表明，必须使用混合能量收集方法才能获得更连续的流量和更大的清除能量，从而导致更高的系统自治性和/或减小的电池尺寸。

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