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Sustainable desalination technologies for future

机译：未来的可持续淡化技术

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This paper deals with some aspects concerning the dual objectives of cost-effectiveness and favourable environmental impact of desalination plants, resulting in a sustainable alternative source of fresh water for future needs. These include some case studies on the use of waste heat for the thermal desalination plants, replacement of conventional pre-treatments in membrane plants with cleaner processes, deployment of hybrid desalination systems and use of non-fossil fuel sources for both types of desalination plant. In particular, the role of nuclear and renewable energy sources (wind and solar) has been examined. The environmental impact of the desalination processes has been discussed and benefits from suggested technologies under CDM have been outlined. With the current environmental concerns, it is desirable to consider use of alternate energy sources for desalination, even though at present these appear not that economical. They may become so once credit for clean energy is available. A real breakthrough in development of near ideal membranes will of course go a long way in desalination economics. Efforts need to be continued in this area.
机译：本文讨论了有关成本效益和海水淡化厂对环境的有利双重目标的某些方面，从而为未来的需求提供了可持续的替代水源。其中包括一些案例研究，包括将废热用于热淡化厂，用更清洁的工艺代替膜厂中的常规预处理，部署混合淡化系统以及两种化肥厂都使用非化石燃料源。特别是，已经研究了核能和可再生能源（风能和太阳能）的作用。讨论了海水淡化工艺对环境的影响，并概述了CDM下建议的技术所带来的收益。考虑到当前的环境问题，希望考虑使用替代能源进行脱盐，尽管目前看来这些替代能源并不那么经济。一旦获得清洁能源信用，它们可能会变得如此。当然，在近乎理想的膜开发方面的真正突破将在脱盐经济学方面大有帮助。在这一领域需要继续努力。

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