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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of numerical methods for heat & fluid flow >Numerical assessment of miniaturized cold spray nozzle for additive manufacturing
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Numerical assessment of miniaturized cold spray nozzle for additive manufacturing

机译：用于增材制造的小型冷喷喷嘴的数值评估

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Purpose Application of cold spray technology may exhibit significant benefits for the additive manufacturing process, particularly for producing intricate objects. To ascertain the feasibility of such an application, this paper aims to present a numerical investigation of the effect of scaling down a convergent-divergent (de Laval) nozzle, which is typically used in the cold spray industry, on the compressible flow parameters and thermal characteristics. Design/methodology/approach The Navier-Stokes equations and energy equation governing compressible flow are numerically solved using a finite volume method with a coupled solver. The conjugate heat transfer technique is used to couple fluid and solid heat transfer domains and predict the local heat transfer coefficient between the solid and fluid. The use of various RANS turbulence models has also been investigated to quantify the effect of the turbulence model on the simulation. Findings The numerical results reveal that the flow and thermal characteristics are altered as the convergent-divergent nozzle is scaled down. The static pressure and temperature profiles at any section in the nozzle are shifted toward higher values, while the Mach number profile at any section in the nozzle is shifted toward a lower Mach number. The turbulent kinetic energy at the nozzle exit increases with the scaling down of the nozzle geometry. This study also provides convincing evidence that the adiabatic approach is still suitable even though the temperature of the nozzle wall is extremely high, as required for industrial application. Results indicate that it is feasible to use the available capabilities of the cold spray technology for additive manufacturing after scaling down the nozzle. Originality/value The idea of adopting cold spray technology for additive manufacturing is new and innovative. To develop this idea into a viable commercial product, a thorough understanding of the flow physics within a cold spray nozzle is required. The simulation results discussed in this paper demonstrate the effect that scaling down of a convergent-divergent nozzle has on the flow characteristics in the nozzle.
机译：目的冷喷涂技术的应用可能对增材制造工艺（尤其是生产复杂物体）显示出显着优势。为了确定这种应用的可行性，本文旨在对缩小在冷喷涂行业中通常使用的会聚-发散（de Laval）喷嘴的尺寸对可压缩流量参数和热力的影响进行数值研究。特征。设计/方法/方法使用耦合器求解的有限体积法对控制可压缩流的Navier-Stokes方程和能量方程进行了数值求解。共轭传热技术用于耦合流体和固体传热域，并预测固体和流体之间的局部传热系数。还研究了各种RANS湍流模型的使用，以量化湍流模型对仿真的影响。结果数值结果表明，随着收缩喷嘴的缩小，流量和热特性会发生变化。喷嘴中任何部分的静压力和温度曲线都向较高的值移动，而喷嘴中任何部分的马赫数曲线都向较低的马赫数移动。随着喷嘴几何尺寸的缩小，喷嘴出口处的湍动能增加。这项研究还提供了令人信服的证据，即使喷嘴壁的温度非常高（根据工业应用的要求），绝热方法仍然适用。结果表明，在按比例缩小喷嘴之后，可以将冷喷涂技术的可用功能用于增材制造。原创性/价值采用冷喷涂技术进行增材制造的想法是新颖且创新的。为了将此想法发展为可行的商业产品，需要对冷喷嘴内的流动物理学有透彻的了解。本文讨论的模拟结果证明了收缩-发散喷嘴的缩小对喷嘴的流动特性的影响。

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