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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of production economics >Quantity discount and handling-charge reduction schemes for a manufacturer supplying numerous heterogeneous retailers
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Quantity discount and handling-charge reduction schemes for a manufacturer supplying numerous heterogeneous retailers

机译：为众多异质零售商提供产品的制造商的数量折扣和手续费减少计划

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A "manufacturer" supplies a "staple" product to a large number of "retailers" having very different sales volumes. Many models have considered how the "manufacturer" should design a quantity-discount (QD) scheme to induce the retailers to order in larger batch sizes. Our models differ from most existing ones in three aspects. First, we consider situations with a much larger number of retailers. Second, our manufacturer does not need to coordinate her replenishment cycles with those of the retailers. Third, besides "QD" schemes, we also consider "handling-charge reduction" ("HCR") schemes (i.e., a retailer pays a lower handling charge if his order is sufficiently large). We develop models and solution procedures for designing QD and HCR schemes that maximize the manufacturer's expected gain. We consider schemes with one as well as two "price breaks" (i.e., order size(s) needed to qualify for a QD or HCR). Examples of noteworthy characteristics revealed by our analytical and numerical analyses are (ⅰ) an optimal QD scheme will have a high enough price break such that extremely few retailers will be big enough to get a "free" discount and (ⅱ) an optimal HCR scheme produces practically the same magnitude of expected total gains as an optimal QD scheme.
机译：“制造商”将“主食”产品提供给销量大不相同的大量“零售商”。许多模型已经考虑了“制造商”应如何设计数量折扣（QD）方案以诱使零售商订购更大批量的产品。我们的模型在三个方面与大多数现有模型不同。首先，我们考虑零售商数量更多的情况。其次，我们的制造商无需与零售商协调其补货周期。第三，除了“ QD”计划外，我们还考虑“减少手续费”（“ HCR”）计划（即，如果零售商的订单足够大，则支付较低的手续费）。我们开发设计QD和HCR方案的模型和解决方案程序，以最大程度地提高制造商的预期收益。我们考虑具有一个和两个“价格中断”的方案（即，符合QD或HCR要求的订单大小）。我们的分析和数值分析显示的显着特征的示例是（ⅰ）最佳QD方案将具有足够高的价格折让，以至于极少数零售商将足够大以获取“免费”折扣；以及（ⅱ）最佳HCR方案产生的实际期望总增益与最佳QD方案几乎相同。

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