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首页> 外文期刊>The International Journal of Productivity and performance management >Productivity enhancement in North American automotive industry: Strategies and techniques to reduce hours-per-vehicle
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Productivity enhancement in North American automotive industry: Strategies and techniques to reduce hours-per-vehicle

机译：北美汽车业提高生产率：减少每车时数的策略和技术

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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to identify effective factors, their impact, and find estimation models of the most well-known productivity measurement, hours-per-vehicle (HPV), in the automotive industry in North American manufacturing plants. Design/methodology/approach - Data used in this study were from North American plants that participated in the Harbour's survey from 2002 to 2006. Data are synthesized using a uniform methodology from information supplied by the plants and supplemented with plant visits by Harbour Consulting auditors. Overall, there are 355 manufacturing plants in the statistical sample from ten different automakers' brands including DCX, Ford, GM, Honda, Cami, Nummi, Auto Alliance, Mitsubishi, Nissan, and Toyota. The multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data and derive the HPV regression equations. Findings - HPV is a widely recognized production performance indicator that is used by a significant percentage of worldwide automakers. During the study period, the HPV was reduced 54.75 minutes on average in each year. Annual production volume, platform sharing (PS), and flexible manufacturing (FM) factors improve HPV. However, vehicle variety, salaried employees' percentage of the workforce, available annual working days, and launching a new model penalize HPV. Launching a new model and adding a new variety in body styles or chassis configurations raise the HPV about 2.189 and 0.642 hours, respectively, depending on the car class; however, manufacturing plants compensate for this issue by using PS and FM strategies. Research limitations/implications - The plants which stopped production of a specific product also are included in this study and were treated similar to the regular plants. The medium duty segment was excluded from the data set due to the fact that the number of observations available was too low. The study can be repeated with additional new factors such as the level of plants' automation and lean manufacturing either for North American or European companies. Originality/value - The research investigates current strategies that help automakers to enhance their production performance and reduce their productivity gap. HPV regression equations that are provided in this research may be used effectively to help car makers to set guidelines to improve their productivity with respect to internal and external constraints, strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats.
机译：目的-本文的目的是确定有效因素及其影响，并找到北美制造工厂中汽车行业中最著名的生产率度量标准（每车小时数）的估计模型。设计/方法/方法-这项研究中使用的数据来自于2002年至2006年参与海港调查的北美工厂。数据是采用统一的方法从工厂提供的信息中合成的，并由Harbor Consulting审核员进行工厂访问。总体而言，统计样本中有355家制造厂，分别来自10个不同的汽车制造商的品牌，这些品牌包括DCX，福特，通用，本田，卡米，Nummi，汽车联盟，三菱，日产和丰田。使用多元线性回归分析数据并导出HPV回归方程。调查结果-HPV是一种广泛认可的生产性能指标，全球很多汽车制造商都在使用它。在研究期间，HPV每年平均减少54.75分钟。年产量，平台共享（PS）和柔性制造（FM）因素可改善HPV。但是，车辆种类繁多，工资高昂的员工比例，可用的年度工作日数以及推出新车型都会对HPV造成不利影响。根据车型的不同，推出新车型并增加新的车身样式或底盘配置品种可以将HPV分别提高约2.189和0.642小时。但是，制造工厂通过使用PS和FM策略来弥补此问题。研究的局限性/含意-停止生产特定产品的植物也包括在本研究中，并与常规植物进行了类似的处理。由于可用的观察次数太少，因此从数据集中排除了中度任务段。可以使用其他新因素（例如，针对北美或欧洲公司的工厂自动化水平和精益生产水平）重复进行此研究。原创性/价值-该研究调查了当前策略，这些策略可帮助汽车制造商提高生产绩效并减少生产率差距。这项研究中提供的HPV回归方程可以有效地帮助汽车制造商制定指南，以提高内部和外部约束，优势，劣势，机会和威胁方面的生产率。

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