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Dissecting Discrimination in Refugee Law: an Analysis of its Meaning and its Cumulative Effect

机译：剖析难民法中的歧视：其含义及其累积效应分析

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摘要

The concept of ‘discrimination’ has several meanings and usages in refugee law. It goes to the very core of the refugee law regime, yet it does not have a clear definition. This article seeks to explore and critique the ways in which ‘discrimination’ is interpreted and applied by decision makers in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, the United Kingdom and the United States. It is primarily concerned with ‘cumulative grounds discrimination’: namely, the understanding in refugee law that the cumulative effect of various discriminatory measures can amount to persecution, even where each incident of discrimination alone would not suffice. It critically analyzes the approaches of decision makers in such cases, in light of various statements of principle made by UNHCR. This article raises a number of questions, issues and inconsistencies that merit further research and consideration. It argues that decision makers should adopt a broader approach in discrimination cases: they should consider the impact of discrimination on the meaningful and effective enjoyment of rights, as well as on the individual and his or her ability to live a dignified life. The article concludes that adopting a broader approach in discrimination cases would be more consistent with fundamental principles of international human rights and refugee law: equality, non-discrimination and the inherent dignity of all human beings.
机译：“歧视”的概念在难民法中具有多种含义和用法。它涉及难民法制度的核心，但没有一个明确的定义。本文旨在探索和批评澳大利亚，加拿大，新西兰，英国和美国的决策者解释和应用“歧视”的方式。它主要与“累积理由歧视”有关：即，在难民法中的理解是，即使仅每个歧视事件都不能满足要求，各种歧视性措施的累积效果也可能构成迫害。它根据难民署的各种原则声明，对这种情况下的决策者的方法进行了批判性的分析。本文提出了许多问题，问题和矛盾之处，值得进一步研究和考虑。它认为，决策者应在歧视案件中采用更广泛的方法：他们应考虑歧视对权利的有意义和有效享受以及对个人及其尊严生活的影响。该文章的结论是，在歧视案件中采用更广泛的方法将更符合国际人权和难民法的基本原则：平等，不歧视和全人类固有的尊严。

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  • 来源
    《International Journal of Refugee Law》 |2011年第1期|p.28-53|共26页
  • 作者

    Rebecca Dowd*;

  • 作者单位

    *BA, LLB/LLP (Hons), Flinders University;

    LLM in International Human Rights Law (Distinction), University of Essex;

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