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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Refugee Law >Dealing with non-Palestinian Refugees in the Middle East: Policies and Practices in an Uncertain Environment
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Dealing with non-Palestinian Refugees in the Middle East: Policies and Practices in an Uncertain Environment

机译：与中东非巴勒斯坦难民打交道：不确定环境中的政策和做法

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摘要

Despite the relevance of the issue in Middle Eastern politics, the study of non-Palestinian refugees and their treatment in the region is a subject that has received little attention in the academic community. This paper attempts to fill this gap by examining the evolution of refugee policies in the Middle East between two of the major events that have characterized the region in the last decade, the 1990-1991 and 2002-2003 ‘Gulf Crises’, and by critically analysing the factors that have influenced these developments. In mapping the legal and administrative provisions that Middle Eastern governments have devised to address the issue, I observe that no substantial breakthrough in formal policies has occurred. Overall, refugee policies in the region remain far from the standards of the international refugee regime. In turning to the ‘politics’ of refugee policy in the region, however, I show that this area has been more dynamic than the sole focus on formal aspects would indicate. This is apparent if we look at the issue of refugees in the Middle East from the perspective of the relations between local authorities and UNHCR, the main players involved in this policy area. Despite the difficult environmental conditions, negotiations have been ongoing throughout the 1990s, and they have led to some limited improvement in the treatment of refugees. Yet, with the deterioration of the regional and international political context, such promising developments have recently come to a standstill and this fact is reflected in the general worsening of the condition of refugees in the area.
机译：尽管该问题在中东政治中具有相关性，但对非巴勒斯坦难民及其在该地区的待遇的研究在学术界很少受到关注。本文试图通过研究中东难民政策的演变来填补这一空白，这两个重大事件是过去十年中该地区的特征，即1990-1991年和2002-2003年的“海湾危机”。分析影响这些发展的因素。在绘制中东政府为解决该问题而制定的法律和行政规定时，我注意到正式政策没有实质性突破。总体而言，该区域的难民政策与国际难民制度的标准相距甚远。但是，在谈到该地区难民政策的“政治”问题时，我表明，这一领域比仅仅关注正式方面所显示的更具活力。如果我们从地方当局与难民署之间的关系的角度来看中东难民问题，这是这一政策领域的主要参与者。尽管环境条件艰苦，但整个1990年代一直在进行谈判，谈判导致难民待遇的改善有限。但是，随着区域和国际政治环境的恶化，最近这种令人鼓舞的事态发展停滞不前，这一事实反映在该地区难民状况的普遍恶化中。

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