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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of sustainable transportation >Insights into carsharing demand dynamics: Outputs of an agent-based model application to Lisbon, Portugal
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Insights into carsharing demand dynamics: Outputs of an agent-based model application to Lisbon, Portugal

机译：洞悉汽车共享需求动态：基于代理的模型应用程序输出到葡萄牙里斯本

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Two important claims for carsharing systems are their increased flexibility and potential contribution to reducing transport externalities such as pollution. Carsharing typically involves a fleet of vehicles in stations around a city that clients may use on an hourly-payment basis. Classical round-trip systems address a niche market of shopping and errand trips. However, a growing market is now arising providing one-way trips to clients. Great uncertainty remains on the economic viability of this type of carsharing given the complex relation between supply and demand, and how this may influence the level of service provided. Realistic modeling tools that include both supply and demand characterization and allow testing several carsharing operational parameters are scarce. In this sense, a detailed agent-based model was developed to simulate one-way carsharing systems. The simulation incorporates a stochastic demand model discretized in time and space and a detailed environment characterization with realistic travel times. The operation includes maintenance operations, relocations and reservations. The model was applied to the case-study city of Lisbon. Our results show that comparing to other modes, carsharing performs worse than private cars both in terms of time and cost. Nevertheless, it clearly outperforms taxis in terms of cost, and outperforms buses, metro and walking in terms of travel time. The competitiveness of carsharing is highly determined by trip length, becoming more competitive than other modes (travel-time wise) as trips become longer. The operational policies as car-fleet relocation and car reservation showed significant effects in enhancing profit while preserving good customers' satisfaction.
机译：汽车共享系统的两个重要主张是它们的灵活性增强以及对减少运输外部性（例如污染）的潜在贡献。拼车通常涉及在城市周围车站中的车辆车队，客户可以按小时付费使用。经典的往返系统解决了购物和差事的利基市场。但是，现在出现了不断增长的市场，为客户提供单程旅行。考虑到供需之间的复杂关系以及这种方式如何影响所提供的服务水平，这种汽车共享的经济可行性仍然存在很大的不确定性。包括供需特征并允许测试多个汽车共享操作参数的现实建模工具是稀缺的。从这个意义上讲，开发了一个基于代理的详细模型来模拟单向汽车共享系统。该模拟包含在时间和空间上离散的随机需求模型以及具有实际旅行时间的详细环境特征。该操作包括维护操作，重定位和保留。该模型已应用于案例研究城市里斯本。我们的结果表明，与其他模式相比，汽车共享在时间和成本上都比私人汽车差。然而，就成本而言，它显然比出租车要好，而就旅行时间而言，它比公共汽车，地铁和步行都好。出行时间的长短决定了汽车共享的竞争力，随着出行时间的延长，其竞争能力会比其他方式（旅行时）更具竞争力。车队搬迁和预订汽车等运营政策在保持良好客户满意度的同时，对提高利润产生了显著作用。

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