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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of sustainable transportation >Electrification of a city bus network-An optimization model for cost-effective placing of charging infrastructure and battery sizing of fast-charging electric bus systems
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Electrification of a city bus network-An optimization model for cost-effective placing of charging infrastructure and battery sizing of fast-charging electric bus systems

机译：城市公交网络的电气化-用于快速充电的电动公交系统的充电基础设施和电池尺寸的经济有效放置的优化模型

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The deployment of battery-powered electric bus systems within the public transportation sector plays an important role in increasing energy efficiency and abating emissions. Rising attention is given to bus systems using fast charging technology. This concept requires a comprehensive infrastructure to equip bus routes with charging stations. The combination of charging infrastructure and bus batteries needs a reliable energy supply to maintain a stable bus operation even under demanding conditions. An efficient layout of the charging infrastructure and an appropriate dimensioning of battery capacity are crucial to minimize the total cost of ownership and to enable an energetically feasible bus operation. In this work, the central issue of jointly optimizing the charging infrastructure and battery capacity is described by a capacitated set covering problem. A mixed-integer linear optimization model is developed to determine the minimum number and location of required charging stations for a bus network as well as the adequate battery capacity for each bus line. The bus energy consumption for each route segment is determined based on individual route, bus type, traffic, and other information. Different scenarios are examined in order to assess the influence of charging power, climate, and changing operating conditions. The findings reveal significant differences in terms of required infrastructure. Moreover, the results highlight a trade-off between battery capacity and charging infrastructure under different operational and infrastructure conditions. This paper addresses upcoming challenges for transport authorities during the electrification process of the bus fleets and sharpens the focus on infrastructural issues related to the fast charging concept.
机译：在公共交通部门内部署电池供电的电动公交系统在提高能源效率和减少排放方面起着重要作用。使用快速充电技术的总线系统受到越来越多的关注。这个概念需要全面的基础设施，才能为公交路线配备充电站。充电基础设施和公交车电池的结合需要可靠的能源供应，以即使在苛刻的条件下也能保持稳定的公交车运行。充电基础设施的有效布局和电池容量的适当尺寸对于最小化总体拥有成本和实现在能源上可行的公交运营至关重要。在这项工作中，由电容器组覆盖问题描述了共同优化充电基础设施和电池容量的中心问题。开发了混合整数线性优化模型，以确定公交网络所需的充电站的最小数量和位置以及每条公交线路的充足电池容量。每个路线路段的公交车能耗都是根据单独的路线，公交车类型，交通和其他信息确定的。为了评估充电功率，气候和不断变化的运行条件的影响，研究了不同的场景。调查结果揭示了所需基础设施方面的重大差异。此外，结果强调了在不同操作和基础设施条件下电池容量与充电基础设施之间的权衡。本文解决了公交车队电气化过程中运输当局面临的挑战，并使人们更加关注与快速充电概念相关的基础设施问题。

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