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An institution-based view of firms' early internationalization: Effectiveness of national export promotion policies

机译：基于机构的企业早期国际化观点：国家出口促进政策的有效性

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the differential effects of national export promotion policies (EPPs) on firms' early internationalization using the institution-based view (IBV) as our theoretical foundation. Early or speedy internationalization is an important topic for academics, executives and policy makers. However, the effect of the regulatory dimension of institutions incorporating governmental policies on firms' early internationalization remains unexplored in the literature. Design/methodology/approach The study was survey-based and the authors engaged in quantitative analysis using data drawn from the apparel industry in a least-developed country (LDC), i.e. Bangladesh. The authors employed 174 valid questionnaires in the analysis. To test the proposed hypotheses, an ordered-logistic regression modeling technique was used. Findings The findings reveal a positive effect of those national policies focusing on market development, guarantee-related and technical support schemes. Two individual elements of direct finance-related assistance, namely, bank loans and cash subsidy are also found to be influential. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature and extends the IBV by establishing that the industry-specific regulatory policies designed by home country governments can play a critical role in international expansion of new ventures from an LDC. In particular, the study established the critical role of national EPPs in driving firms' early internationalization and thereby, contributing to the international marketing and international entrepreneurship (IE) literature. Least-developed countries provide different institutional environments for entrepreneurship. They thus provide an atypical context within the field of IE. By incorporating sample firms from an LDC, the authors address the knowledge gap related to those countries. The implications of the authors' findings for national and enterprise development policies are also considered.
机译：目的本文的目的是使用基于机构的观点（IBV）作为我们的理论基础，研究国家出口促进政策（EPP）对企业早期国际化的不同影响。早期或快速的国际化对于学者，管理人员和决策者来说是一个重要的话题。然而，文献中还没有探讨将纳入政府政策的机构的监管范围对公司早期国际化的影响。设计/方法/方法这项研究是基于调查的，作者使用从最不发达国家（LDC），即孟加拉国的服装业中获得的数据进行定量分析。作者在分析中使用了174份有效问卷。为了检验提出的假设，使用了有序逻辑回归建模技术。调查结果调查结果揭示了那些侧重于市场开发，担保相关和技术支持计划的国家政策的积极影响。还发现直接财务相关援助的两个独立要素，即银行贷款和现金补贴具有影响力。独创性/价值本研究为文献研究做出了贡献，并通过确立由母国政府制定的针对特定行业的监管政策可以在最不发达国家的新企业国际扩张中发挥关键作用来扩展IBV。尤其是，该研究确定了国家EPP在推动公司早期国际化中的关键作用，从而为国际营销和国际企业家精神（IE）文献做出了贡献。最不发达国家为创业提供了不同的制度环境。因此，它们在IE领域提供了非典型上下文。通过合并最不发达国家的样本公司，作者解决了与这些国家有关的知识鸿沟。还考虑了作者的发现对国家和企业发展政策的影响。

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