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首页> 外文期刊>International Planning Studies >Spaces of resilience, ingenuity, and entrepreneurship in informal work in Ghana
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Spaces of resilience, ingenuity, and entrepreneurship in informal work in Ghana

机译：加纳非正式工作中的应变能力，创造力和企业家精神

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摘要

Despite playing an important role in the economies of low-income countries, there is a perception that informal markets are haphazard and disorganized. Using in-depth interviews conducted in Accra, Ghana, this study examines the strategic choices that market women pursue to gain access to and thrive in informal working spaces and ensure long-term survival. The findings reveal that entry into the informal working spaces is contingent on women's ability to forge and nourish ties with acquaintances, kinsmen and middlemen. Further, the study found that in contrast to the notion of unregulated competition typically associated with street vending, market relations among women traders in informal market spaces are marked by alliances between rival sellers that transcended religious, ethnic, linguistic, and generational divides. As well, a strict code of conduct governs market behaviour, underpinned by an ethos of cooperation and mutual assistance among rival sellers. Furthermore, market women in Accra articulate the rationale behind informal entrepreneurship in ways that align with local and national development agenda. In so doing, the market women lend legitimacy to their trade, demand accountability from local authorities, and oppose repressive practices by the state. We highlight the implications of our findings for city planning and development.
机译：尽管在低收入国家的经济中发挥着重要作用，但人们仍认为非正式市场是无序的且杂乱无章的。本研究使用在加纳阿克拉进行的深入访谈，研究了市场女性为获得非正式工作场所的准入和繁荣并确保长期生存而寻求的战略选择。调查结果表明，进入非正式工作空间取决于女性与熟人，亲戚和中间人建立和滋养联系的能力。此外，研究发现，与通常与街头自动售货相关的无节制竞争的概念相反，非正式市场空间中女商人之间的市场关系以超越宗教，种族，语言和世代鸿沟的竞争对手之间的联盟为特征。同样，在竞争对手之间合作和互助的精神基础上，严格的行为准则支配着市场行为。此外，阿克拉的市场女性以与地方和国家发展议程相一致的方式阐明非正式企业家精神背后的基本原理。这样，市场妇女可以使自己的贸易合法化，要求地方当局负责，并反对国家的镇压做法。我们强调了我们的发现对城市规划和发展的意义。

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