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Where Are the Innovative Entrepreneurs? Identifying Innovative Industries and Measuring Innovative Entrepreneurship

机译：创新型企业家在哪里？识别创新产业并衡量创新创业能力

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This article concentrates on a crucial technical aspect of regional entrepreneurship research: how do we measure the most innovative of entrepreneurs, the entrepreneurs most likely to create regional growth? Innovation is a crucial component of entrepreneurship; yet, the frequent use of entrepreneurship proxies that do not consider innovation motivated us to propose and develop an indicator of innovative entrepreneurship that is useful for studies of regions, counties, states, and metropolitan areas as well. We posit that a novel combination of start-ups in innovative industries and self-employed in innovative industries yields entrepreneurship indicators that incorporate three widely recognized functions of entrepreneurship, including innovation. We detect sharp contrasts between our innovative entrepreneurship indicators and widely used entrepreneurship proxies. Our analysis demonstrates that innovative entrepreneurship is a useful empirical concept and that ignoring innovation in entrepreneurship likely has produced misleading research results and policy implications about regional entrepreneurship, its determinants, and its role in regional economic growth.
机译：本文关注区域企业家精神研究的关键技术方面：我们如何衡量最具创新能力的企业家，即最有可能创造区域增长的企业家？创新是企业家精神的重要组成部分。但是，频繁使用不考虑创新的企业家代表权激励了我们提出并开发创新的企业家精神指标，该指标对于研究地区，县，州和大都市地区也很有用。我们认为，创新产业中的初创企业和创新产业中的自雇者的新颖结合产生的企业家精神指标融合了包括创新在内的三种广泛认可的企业家精神功能。我们发现创新型创业指标与广泛使用的创业指标之间存在鲜明的对比。我们的分析表明，创新型创业精神是一个有用的经验概念，而忽略创新型创业精神可能会产生误导性的研究结果，以及有关区域创业精神，决定因素及其在区域经济增长中的作用的政策含义。

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