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首页> 外文期刊>Internet of Things Journal, IEEE >A Routing Framework With Protocol Conversions Across Multiradio IoT Platforms
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A Routing Framework With Protocol Conversions Across Multiradio IoT Platforms

机译：具有跨多层IOT平台的协议转换的路由框架

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摘要

The proliferation of sensors as part of the Internet-of-Things (IoT) paradigm envisions a world of interconnected, interdependent deployments, involving one or multiple radio technologies. Multiradio mesh deployments facilitated using a network of low-cost IoT platforms, such as Raspberry Pis (RPis), ASUS Tinker Board S, Banana Pi M64, etc., seem an ideal fit as wireless backbones for such deployments, with many of these platforms having built-in support for multiple wireless technologies. However, the state-of-the-art routing solutions need to be revisited to suit the capabilities of low-power multiradio solutions, especially while performing best effort transmissions. This is because a majority of the existing routing solutions favor channel diversity while routing, ignoring the possible overheads associated with protocol conversions. We argue that in reality, these overheads can become quite significant in a multiradio network where the radios are quite different in terms of packet formats, sizes, data rates, etc. To prove this, we estimate the impact of these overheads using an experimental study performed across three popular IoT technologies-WiFi, Bluetooth, and ZigBee, using a real-time RPi-based testbed. We stress on how severe this impact could be, by estimating how often these conversions happen in a randomly chosen multihop path, using a probabilistic mathematical framework. Based on this, we develop Chorus, a first-of-its-kind routing algorithm, which estimates the least overhead path, inclusive of conversion overheads. Chorus achieves this by developing a comprehensive layered graph modeling of the given multiradio mesh network. The modeling is capable of handling all conversion overheads, including the factors associated with the possible fragmentation and aggregation. We implement Chorus in an indoor testbed comprising of RPis and demonstrate the performance improvement while routing across the network of RPis. Our results estimate that Chorus can provide an improvement close to 33% in battery usage per RPi with an average reduction of 25% in packet drops.
机译：传感器的扩散作为内容互联网（物联网）范式设想涉及一个或多个无线电技术的互联，相互依存部署的世界。使用低成本的物联平台网络（如覆盆子PI），华硕修补程序板S，Banana PI M64等的多型网状部署，似乎是这种部署的理想选择，其中许多平台具有对多种无线技术的内置支持。然而，需要重新预订最先进的路由解决方案以满足低功耗多型解决方案的能力，特别是在执行最佳努力的同时。这是因为在路由时，大多数现有路由解决方案都有利于通道分集，忽略与协议转换相关的可能开销。我们认为，实际上，这些开销在多层网络中可以在数据包格式，大小，数据速率等方面都有很大的意义。证明这一点，我们使用实验研究估计这些开销的影响使用基于RPI的实时RPI测试用三个流行的IOT技术 - WiFi，蓝牙和ZigBee进行。通过估计使用概率数学框架，通过估计这些转换发生的频率，对这种转换的频率发生了程度，我们会强调这一影响的严重程度。基于此，我们开发合唱，一流的路由算法，估计最小的开销路径，包括转换开销。合唱通过开发给定的Multiradio网状网络的全面分层图建模来实现这一目标。建模能够处理所有转换开销，包括与可能的碎片和聚集相关的因素。我们在室内测试平台中实施具有RPI的室内测试，并在跨越RPI网络路由时展示性能改进。我们的结果估计，合唱可以提供接近每次RPI电池使用量的提高，平均减少分组滴剂25％。

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