...
  • 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Iranian Studies >Rule of Law: A Comparison between Ancient Persia and Ancient Greece
【24h】

Rule of Law: A Comparison between Ancient Persia and Ancient Greece

机译：法治：古代波斯与古希腊的比较

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The ancient Persian empires are denoted as despotic, practicing arbitrary rule while Greece, Persia's archrival during the sixth to fourth century BC, exercised rule of law. This paper uses a contract theory framework to analyze some of the geographical and environmental underpinnings of the existence of rule of law in the city-states of ancient Greece and its absence in Persia. I discuss the role of geographical conditions of land (open plains versus mountains), population pressure, proximity to the sea and form of trade (overland versus overseas) as factors conducive to rule of law in the city-states of ancient Greece and to despotism in ancient Persia. Specifically, the role of trade via land in Persia prior to the fifth century BC is compared to the role of sea trade (alongside with piracy) in ancient Greece. I argue that in ancient Persia monarchs could tax or expropriate much of the gains from overland trade, preventing the accumulation of an independent form of wealth by merchants. In Greece, sea trade alongside the practice of piracy led to gains from trade that could not be easily expropriated by the monarchs and acted as a balancing force vis--vis the power of the monarchs, creating a basis for rule of law in the Greek city-states.
机译：古代的波斯帝国被认为是专制的，实行专制统治，而希腊是波斯在公元前六至四世纪的主要竞争对手，实行法治。本文使用契约理论框架来分析古希腊城邦中法治的存在和波斯中不存在法治的一些地理和环境基础。我讨论了土地的地理条件（开阔平原与山脉），人口压力，靠近海洋和贸易形式（陆上与海外）的作用，这些因素是有助于古希腊城邦法治和专制的因素在古代波斯。具体来说，在公元前五世纪之前，波斯通过陆路进行贸易的作用与古希腊的海上贸易（以及海盗活动）的作用进行了比较。我认为，在古代波斯，君主可能会对陆上贸易的大部分收益征税或没收，从而阻止商人积累独立形式的财富。在希腊，海上贸易与海盗行为共同导致了贸易收益，这些收益无法被君主轻易征用，并且可以作为君主力量的平衡力量，为希腊的法治奠定了基础城邦。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号