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首页> 外文期刊>ISIJ international >Ironmaking Technology for the Last 100 Years: Deployment to Advanced Technologies from Introduction of Technological Know-how, and Evolution to Next-generation Process
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Ironmaking Technology for the Last 100 Years: Deployment to Advanced Technologies from Introduction of Technological Know-how, and Evolution to Next-generation Process

机译：过去100年的炼铁技术：从技术诀窍的引入到高级工艺的部署到先进技术

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摘要

The 150 year history of the Japanese steel industry dates from the first western blast furnace, which was built by T. Ohashi in 1857. Modern blast furnace operation at integrated steel works in Japan started in 1901 with the first blow-in of Higashida No. 1 blast furnace at Yawata Steel Works. Throughout the prewar and postwar periods, the steel industry has supported the Japanese economy as a key industry which supplies basic materials for social infrastructure and development. After the period of recovery following the destruction caused by World War Ⅱ, Chiba Works of Kawasaki Steel Corporation (now JFE Steel Corporation) was built and began operation in 1953 as the first integrated steel works in the Keiyo Industrial Region after the war. During Japan's period of high economic growth, many coastal steel works with large blast furnaces having inner volumes of more than 3 000 m3 and even 5000 m~3 were built to enable efficient marine transportation of raw materials and steel products. Japanese steel makers introduced and improved the most advanced technologies of the day, which included high pressure equipment, stave cooler systems, bell-less charging systems, etc. As a result, Japanese steel works now lead the world in low reducing agent rate (RAR) operation, energy saving, and long service life of blast furnaces and coke ovens. Following the Oil Crises of the 1970s, the Japanese steel industry changed energy sources from oil to coal and implemented cost-oriented operation design and technology. In 2012, the Japanese steel industry produced approximately 80 million tons of hot metal from 27 blast furnaces, including large-scale furnaces with inner volumes over 5000 m~3. During this period, the industry has faced many economic and social challenges, such as the high exchange rate of the yen, oligopoly in the mining industry, global warming, and the surge in iron ore and coal prices driven by the rapid growth of the BRICs. The industry has successfully responded to these challenges and maintained its international competitiveness by developing advanced technologies for pulverized coal injection, expanded use of low cost iron resources, recycling for environmental preservation, and CO_2 mitigation. In this paper, the prospects for ironmaking technologies in the coming decades are described by reviewing published papers and looking back on the history of developments in ironmaking during the last 100 years.
机译：日本钢铁工业已有150年的历史，可追溯到T. Ohashi于1857年建造的第一座西方高炉。日本的综合钢铁厂的现代高炉运行始于1901年的Higashida No.首次吹入。八w钢铁厂的1个高炉。在整个战前和战后时期，钢铁工业一直支撑着日本经济，因为它是为社会基础设施和发展提供基础材料的重要工业。经过第二次世界大战的破坏，经过一段时期的恢复，川崎钢铁公司（现为JFE钢铁公司）的千叶工厂建成，并于1953年开始运营，是战后京叶工业区的第一家综合钢铁工厂。在日本经济高速增长时期，许多沿海大型钢铁厂都装有大型高炉，内部容积超过3000 m3，甚至5000 m〜3，以实现原材料和钢铁产品的有效海上运输。日本钢铁制造商引进并改进了当今最先进的技术，其中包括高压设备，冷却壁冷却系统，无钟加料系统等。结果，日本钢铁厂目前在还原剂率低方面处于世界领先地位（RAR ）运行，节能，高炉和焦炉使用寿命长。在1970年代的石油危机之后，日本钢铁工业将能源从石油转换为煤炭，并实施了以成本为导向的运营设计和技术。 2012年，日本钢铁工业从27座高炉生产了约8000万吨铁水，其中包括内部容积超过5000 m〜3的大型高炉。在此期间，该行业面临许多经济和社会挑战，例如日元的高汇率，采矿业的寡头垄断，全球变暖以及金砖四国的快速增长带动的铁矿石和煤炭价格飙升。该行业已经成功开发了用于粉煤喷射的先进技术，扩大了低成本铁资源的利用范围，为环保而进行的回收利用和缓解CO_2的挑战，并成功地应对了这些挑战并保持了其国际竞争力。在本文中，通过回顾已发表的论文并回顾过去100年中炼铁的发展历史，来描述未来几十年炼铁技术的前景。

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