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首页> 外文期刊>ISIJ international >Contribution of microstructural factors to hardness change during creep exposure in Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel
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Contribution of microstructural factors to hardness change during creep exposure in Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel

机译：9Cr-1Mo钢在蠕变过程中显微组织因素对硬度变化的贡献

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摘要

The effect of microstructural factors on hardness was investigated in normalized, tempered, aged and crept materials for Mod.9Cr-1Mo steel, using nanoindentation and microhardness tests. Nanohardness and microhardness decreased during tempering, aging and creep exposure. Dislocation spacing, lath width, high angle boundary (block and packet boundary) spacing and inter-particle spacing increased during tempering, aging and creep exposure. A converted Vickers hardness was introduced to compare directly nanohardness and microhardness to Vickers hardness. The converted Vickers hardness increased with indent size in all the materials tested. Hardness at an indent size less than 1 mu m mainly consists of dislocations inside lath grains. Hardness at an indent size larger than 1 mu m originates from not only dislocation but precipitates and high angle boundaries such as block and packet boundaries. Comparing the converted Vickers hardness with lath width and high angle boundary spacing in normalized material with no precipitates, it was found that the lath boundary does not contribute to hardness. The difference in converted Vickers hardness between tempered and aged material was obviously large at the indent size, greater than inter-particle spacing. The decrease in hardness during aging is caused by increase in inter-particle spacing due to coarsening and coalescence of precipitates. On the other hand, not only changes in precipitates but also increase in high angle boundary spacing and dislocation spacing contribute to decrease in hardness during creep exposure.
机译：使用纳米压痕和显微硬度测试，研究了9Cr-1Mo钢的正火，回火，时效和蠕变材料的显微组织因素对硬度的影响。在回火，老化和蠕变暴露期间，纳米硬度和显微硬度降低。在回火，时效和蠕变暴露期间，位错间距，板条宽度，高角度边界（块和包块边界）间距和粒子间间距增加。引入转换后的维氏硬度以直接将纳米硬度和显微硬度与维氏硬度进行比较。在所有测试的材料中，转换后的维氏硬度均随压痕尺寸的增加而增加。压痕尺寸小于1μm的硬度主要由板条晶粒内部的位错构成。压痕尺寸大于1微米的硬度不仅来自位错，还来自析出物和高角度边界，例如块和包的边界。比较没有沉淀的归一化材料中转换后的维氏硬度与板条宽度和高角度边界间距，发现板条边界对硬度没有贡献。在压痕尺寸下，回火和时效材料之间的维氏硬度换算差明显较大，大于颗粒间的间距。时效过程中硬度的降低是由于沉淀物的粗化和聚结导致的颗粒间间距增加所致。另一方面，不仅析出物​​的变化，而且高角度边界间隔和位错间隔的增加也导致蠕变暴露期间的硬度降低。

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