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Climate clubs and free-riding

机译：气候俱乐部和搭便车

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摘要

"Climate Clubs to Overcome Free-Riding" (Issues, Summer 2015), by William Nordhaus, falls short by several measures, and in the end is unworkable. First, its author claims that climate change agreements such as the Kyoto Protocol suffer from the free-rider dilemma of collective goods. However, the protocol had problems almost from the beginning. The United States defected before its full definition, implementation, and ratification. A cap-and-trade system covering all of the participants was never implemented. And the European trading mechanism, which was supposed to prepare it, was flawed and never worked properly. Therefore, it is likely that it was not free-riding that destroyed the Kyoto Protocol, but rather the failure to set up properly functioning institutions.
机译：威廉·诺德豪斯（William Nordhaus）撰写的“克服自由骑行的气候俱乐部”（问题，2015年夏季）在几个方面都达不到要求，最终是行不通的。首先，它的作者声称气候变化协议（如《京都议定书》）遭受集体产品的搭便车困境。但是，该协议几乎从一开始就存在问题。美国在全面定义，执行和批准之前就背叛了美国。覆盖所有参与者的总量管制与交易系统从未实施过。而且，原本应该为之准备的欧洲贸易机制存在缺陷，并且从未正常运作。因此，很可能不是搭便车破坏了《京都议定书》，而是未能建立起运转正常的机构。

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  • 来源
    《Issues in Science and Technology》 |2015年第1期|9-10|共2页
  • 作者

    Urs Luterbacher;

  • 作者单位

    Centre for Environmental Studies Centre for Finance and Development Institute of International and Development Studies Geneva, Switzerland;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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