Reducing Oil Use in Transoortation

EMIL FRANKEL; THOMAS MENZIES

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Reducing Oil Use in Transoortation

机译：减少运输中的石油使用

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The public's interest in reducing oil consumption has ebbed and flowed for decades, first prompted by the supply shocks of the 1970s and persisting today because of concerns about the buildup of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in the atmosphere and the cost of securing the worlds oil supplies. Today, the consumption of gasoline, diesel fuel, and other petroleum products in the transportation sector accounts for more than 70% of national oil demand. Yet when policies are pursued to reduce transportation's petroleum use, the focus is almost exclusively on regulating the energy and emissions performance of cars and trucks. Motivating consumers to care about fuel economy and reduce energy-intensive vehicle use is often talked about but seldom acted on, because it is considered simply too difficult or disruptive.

机译：公众对减少石油消耗的兴趣消退并流传了数十年，这首先是由于1970年代的供应冲击而引起的，并一直持续到今天，这是因为人们担心大气中温室气体的堆积以及确保世界石油供应的成本。如今，交通部门的汽油，柴油和其他石油产品的消费已占全国石油需求的70％以上。然而，当推行减少运输石油消耗的政策时，重点几乎完全集中在规范汽车和卡车的能源和排放性能上。人们经常谈论激励消费者关注燃油经济性并减少高能耗车辆的使用，但很少采取行动，因为这被认为太困难或破坏性很大。

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《Issues in Science and Technology》 |2012年第2期|p.51-5658|共7页
作者
EMIL FRANKEL; THOMAS MENZIES;
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作者单位

Bipartisan Policy Center in Washington, DC;

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收录信息美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);
原文格式 PDF
正文语种 eng
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机译：直流电力增强耐油储层中的采油，以改善恢复，减少水切割，并减少H2S生产，同时增加API重力
5. Application of Thyme-Orange Essential Oils to Reduce Salmonella and Campylobacter on Processed Broiler Chicken. [D] . Thanissery-Ravindranath, Rajani. 2013

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6. Virgin Olive Oil Extracts Reduce Oxidative Stress and Modulate Cholesterol Metabolism: Comparison between Oils Obtained with Traditional and Innovative Processes [O] . Carmen Lammi, Nadia Mulinacci, Lorenzo Cecchi, 2020

机译：初榨橄榄油提取物减少氧化应激并调节胆固醇代谢：用传统和创新过程获得的油之间的比较
7. Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament under Article 8(6) of Council Directive 92/81/EEC, on the situation with regard to the exemptions or reductions for specific policy considerations as set out in Article 8(4) of Directive 92/81 and concerning the obligatory exemption of mineral oils used as fuel for the purpose of air navigation other than private pleasure flying and the exemptions or reductions possible for navigation on inland waterways other than for private pleasure craft as set out in Articles 8(1)(b) and 8(2)(b) of the same Directive. Proposal for a Council Decision authorising Member States to continue to apply to certain mineral oils, when used for specific purposes, existing reduced rates of excise duty or exemptions from excise duty, in accordance with the procedure provided for in Article 8(4) of Directive 92/81/EEC. COM (96) 549 final, 14 November 1996 [O] . 1996

机译：委员会根据理事会指令92/81 / EEC第8（6）条向理事会和欧洲议会提交的报告，内容涉及第8（4）条规定的特定政策考虑因素的豁免或减少情况。第92/81号指令，关于强制豁免用作私人飞行以外的空中航行燃料的矿物油，以及第8条规定的私人游艇以外的内陆水道航行的豁免或减少（同一指令的1）（b）和8（2）（b）。关于理事会决定的提案，授权成员国根据指令第8（4）条规定的程序，在用于特定目的时，继续适用某些矿物油，现有降低的消费税率或免征消费税。 81分之92/ EEC。投诉（96）549决赛，1996年11月14日

Reducing Oil Use in Transoortation

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