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首页> 外文期刊>Japanese journal of applied physics >Starting Powder Crystal Phase Effects On Electrical Properties Of Tio_2-based Varistor
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Starting Powder Crystal Phase Effects On Electrical Properties Of Tio_2-based Varistor

机译：起始粉末晶体相变对基于Tio_2的压敏电阻电性能的影响

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摘要

The starting powder crystal phase effects on the microstructural development and electrical properties of (Ba,Bi,Nb)-doped TiO_2 ceramics were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersion spectrometry (EDS), and X-ray diffractometry (XRD). It was observed that the amount of the second phase in the sample depends on calcination and sintering temperature. For the powder calcined at 1000℃, which was rutile and contained a small amount of Ba_2Ti_9O_(20) and Bi_2Ti_4O_(11) second phases before sintering, the amounts of Ba~(+2) and Bi~(+3) that dissolved in the TiO_2 matrix during sintering were lower than those for the powders calcined at 700℃ (pure anatase). Because higher Ba~(+2) and Bi~(+3) amounts dissolved in the rutile grains during sintering, more Ba~(+2) and Bi~(+3) diffused from the matrix toward the grain boundary during cooling, which results in the formation of higher amounts of the second phase. The amounts of Ba~(+2) and Bi~(+3) that segregated in the grain boundary areas increased with increasing sintering temperature and decreased with increasing calcination temperature, which led to the samples calcined at lower temperatures and sintered at higher temperatures having a higher surface state density and a higher nonlinear exponent.
机译：利用透射电子显微镜（TEM），能量色散谱（EDS）和X射线衍射（XRD）研究了起始粉末晶相对掺杂（Ba，Bi，Nb）的TiO_2陶瓷的微结构发展和电性能的影响。 。观察到样品中第二相的量取决于煅烧和烧结温度。对于在1000℃下煅烧的金红石型粉末，在烧结前含有少量Ba_2Ti_9O_（20）和Bi_2Ti_4O_（11）第二相，溶解于其中的Ba〜（+2）和Bi〜（+3）的量烧结过程中的TiO_2基体比700℃煅烧的粉末（纯锐钛矿）要低。由于在烧结过程中金红石晶粒中溶解有更高的Ba〜（+2）和Bi〜（+3）量，因此在冷却过程中，更多的Ba〜（+2）和Bi〜（+3）从基体向晶界扩散，导致形成更高数量的第二相。随着烧结温度的升高，偏析在晶界区域的Ba〜（+2）和Bi〜（+3）的含量随烧结温度的升高而增加，从而导致样品在较低的温度下煅烧并在较高的温度下烧结。较高的表面态密度和较高的非线性指数。

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