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Episodic Memory in Adult Age and Effects of Sibship Size and Birth Order: Longitudinal Data

机译:成人年龄的情景记忆和同胞大小和出生顺序的影响:纵向数据

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摘要

This study examined the effects of sibship size and birth order on episodic memory performance in adulthood and old age. Participants were 1,141 healthy individuals aged 35–80 years, who took part in a longitudinal project on age, health, and memory. Episodic memory measurements over a 5-year interval included tests of recognition (recognition of faces, family names, first names, and nouns) and tests of recall (free recall of sentences, free recall and cued recall of nouns, and recall of activities). Results showed significant effects for both recall and recognition, that is, the smaller the sibship size is for an individual and the earlier born, the better memory performance. These results demonstrate that the effects of sibship size and birth order previously shown in children and adolescents (Belmont and Marolla, Science 182:1096–1101, 1973; Zajonc and Markus, Psych Rev 82:74–88, 1975; Zajonc, Am Psychol 56:490–496, 2001) are robust over time and hold over a large adult range.
机译:这项研究检查了同胞的大小和出生顺序对成年和老年情景记忆性能的影响。参与者为1141名年龄在35-80岁之间的健康个体,他们参加了有关年龄,健康和记忆的纵向研究。在5年的时间间隔内进行的情景记忆测量包括识别测试(面部,姓氏,名字和名词的识别)和回忆测试(句子的自由回忆,名词的自由回忆和提示回忆以及活动的回忆) 。结果显示出对回忆和识别的显着影响,即,同胞的大小越小,出生越早,记忆性能越好。这些结果表明,先前在儿童和青少年中表现出的同居关系大小和出生顺序的影响(Belmont和Marolla,《科学》 182:1096–1101,1973; Zajonc和Markus,《心理评论》 82:74–88,1975; Zajonc,《心理医生》 56:490–496,2001)随时间推移具有较强的鲁棒性,并且可以在较大的成人范围内保持。

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