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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of aerospace operations >Risk management in the design of engineering projects as sociotechnical systems
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Risk management in the design of engineering projects as sociotechnical systems

机译：作为社会技术系统的工程项目设计中的风险管理

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摘要

This paper reviews risk management as commonly applied in engineering projects, addresses shortcomings, and introduces additional thinking on uncertainty in engineering projects. Despite practices in risk management, unexpected events leading to unacceptable outcomes continue to occur. As practiced, common methods rest upon input and judgement from experts, in particular to evaluate the exposure and systemic effects of risk. Limitations are well known, including errors, disparate use of qualitative measures, biases and overconfidence, prioritization and focus on local effect rather than systemic value, and meaningless combined exposure scores. By viewing the engineering project as a sociotechnical system, we place human expertise not as constraint but as fundamental to the system. Rather than removal of human judgment, we seek to position people to leverage existing judgment within limits of relevance while stimulating attention and learning towards systemically relevant options. We propose the design of projects that incorporate human attention in identification and response to risks as learning and coordination within the project's broader sociotechnical architecture.
机译：本文回顾了工程项目中普遍使用的风险管理，解决了缺陷，并介绍了有关工程项目不确定性的其他思路。尽管有风险管理方面的实践，导致无法接受的结果的意外事件继续发生。在实践中，常见的方法取决于专家的意见和判断，尤其是评估风险的暴露程度和系统性影响。局限性是众所周知的，包括错误，定性测量方法的不同使用，偏见和过度自信，确定优先次序并专注于局部效应而不是系统性价值，以及无意义的综合暴露分数。通过将工程项目视为一种社会技术系统，我们将人类的专业知识不是系统的约束，而是基础。我们致力于消除人们的判断力，而不是消除人为的判断力，而是在相关的范围内利用现有的判断力，同时激发人们的注意力并学习系统性的相关选择。我们提出的项目设计应在项目的更广泛的社会技术体系结构中，在学习和协调过程中将人们的注意力集中到对风险的识别和响应中。

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