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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Aerospace Sciences and Technologies >DEVELOPMENT OF INDIGENOUS HELICOPTERS IN INDIA HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE POTENTIAL
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DEVELOPMENT OF INDIGENOUS HELICOPTERS IN INDIA HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE POTENTIAL

机译：印度历史视角，挑战与未来潜力的土着直升机的发展

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In independent India, design and manufacturing of aircrafts is intricately linked to Government labs and Defence Public Sectors. In case of fixed wing aircrafts, there are more than one design agencies in addition to Hindustan Aeronautics Limited (HAL), such as ADA, DRDO and NAL. However, in case of rotary wing aircrafts, HAL is the only company involved in the design and development of helicopters. This paper is an attempt to chronicle the journey of HAL, from a licence producer of helicopters starting in 1964 to becoming a key player in design and production of indigenous helicopters. The journey had its ups and downs, trials and tribulations, leading to success. The paper addresses the Design and manufacturing challenges faced during the development. That HAL rolled out its 300th production helicopter of Advanced Light Helicopter (ALH) in September 2020, bears testimony of its perseverance. Presently, HAL has come a long way and has emerged as a major company in India which is capable of design, development, testing, integration and certification of indigenous helicopters and augmented with capability in production, maintenance, repair and overhaul of helicopters. The experience reveals that indigenous design and development has its own share of uncertainties and risks and hence will suffer from time over run due to inexperience, design iterations, performance issues, lack of manufacturing capabilities and limitations in ecosystem etc. while bringing out first product. The hard truth is that the only path left to the developing countries, is to start the design (if required with design consultancy from abroad), make sincere efforts to learn through mistakes, sweat it out and improve the product. Thereafter, subsequent products will come out in less time.
机译：在独立印度，飞机的设计和制造是与政府实验室和国防公共部门的错综复杂。在固定翼飞机的情况下，除了印度斯航空有限公司（HAL）之外还有多种设计机构，例如ADA，DRDO和NAL。但是，如果旋翼飞机，Hal是唯一涉及直升机的设计和开发的公司。本文是一项试图纪有HAL的旅程，从1964年开始的直升机的许可制片人成为设计和生产土着直升机的关键球员。旅程有其起伏，试验和磨难，导致成功。本文涉及开发期间面临的设计和制造挑战。哈尔在2020年9月推出了先进灯直升机（ALH）的第300号生产直升机，耐心持续存在。目前，Hal已经走了很长的路，并成为印度的主要公司，能够设计，开发，测试，整合和认证土着直升机，并在直升机的生产，维护，维修和大修中增强。这些经验表明，土着设计和发展有自己的不确定因素和风险份额，因此会因缺乏经验，设计迭代，绩效问题，缺乏制造能力和生态系统的限制而遭受的时间。难事位是，唯一留下了发展中国家的道路，就是开始设计（如果需要从国外设计咨询），真诚地通过错误来学习，出汗，改善产品。此后，随后的产品将在更短的时间内出现。

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