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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of African Earth Sciences >Ordovician trace fossils from southern Jordan with particular consideration to the Cruziana rugosa group: Taxonomy, stratigraphy and trans-regional correlation throughout the Middle East and northern Africa
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Ordovician trace fossils from southern Jordan with particular consideration to the Cruziana rugosa group: Taxonomy, stratigraphy and trans-regional correlation throughout the Middle East and northern Africa

机译：来自约旦南部的奥陶纪遗迹化石，特别考虑到克鲁萨纳皱褶群：整个中东和北非的分类学，地层学和跨区域相关性

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摘要

First detailed palaeoichnological research is presented from all the Ordovician formations and members of the Southern Desert of Jordan. The exclusively siliciclastic succession is of fluvial, fluvial-deltaic and fully marine origin and develops continuously from Cambrian strata until late Hirnantian glacial deposits. The ichnofauna occurs on large outcrop surfaces and is quite rich and of high diversity. Based on numerous taxonomic identifications from the excellently preserved material of various stratigraphic levels a biostratigraphic determination of the sequence is concluded as late Early to early Late Ordovician. Twenty-four ichnotaxa, two morphotypes and fifteen ichnogenera within five ethological groups based on the categories of architectural designs were identified. (1) horizontal burrows and trails (arthropod traces): Cruziana rugosa, C. furcifera, C. goldfussi, C. rouaulti, C. almadenensis, C. isp., Diplichnites cf. D. gouldi, D. morphotype A, D. morphotype B, Monomorphichnus cf. lineatus, cf. Monomorphichnus, Rusophycus didymus, R. aff. petraeus, ?R. aff. almadenensis; (2) vertical burrows: Arenicolites isp., Monocraterion isp., Rosselia socialis, Skolithos linearis; (3) plug-shaped burrows: Bergaueria perata, B. sucta; (4) horizontal branched burrows: Treptichnus cf. T. pedum; (5) horizontal burrows and trails: Gyrochorte isp., Palaeophycus tubularis, Planolites beverleyensis, Psammichnites gigas, Zoophycos isp. Whereas the ichnofauna of the Early Ordovician upper Disi Formation (Fm.) is dominated by cruzianid (C. rugosa group) and diplichnid arthopod traces ("trilobite highways"), the late Middle to early Late Ordovician Dubaydib Fm. contains distinctly smaller, nearly monoichnospecific, but completely surface covering arthropod tracks (C. almadenensis). In places, an amazing monospecific mass occurrence (Skolithos piperock ichnofabric) points to very special palaeoecological conditions during the deposition of the lower Dubaydib Fm. Ichnoassociations of the lower part of the Mudawwara Fm. (middle Late Ordovician) indicate a primarily shallow environment (e.g., Zoophycos isp.). Based on the trace fossil content and lithofacial characteristics, a correlation with North African regions is possible. So, the upper part of the Disi Fm. and the lower part of the Umm Sahm Fm. From Jordan is correlated with the Early Ordovician strata from southeastern Libya by the occurrence of C. goldfussi and C. furcifera. Additional correlations are possible by the shared occurrence of C. rouaulti with western Egypt, Sudan and western Libya. Within the Middle East (Jordan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Iran and Turkey), similar trace fossil assemblages composed of the C. rugosa group and related traces as well as common lithofacies characteristics point to closer palaeogeographic vicinity on a connected shallow shelf region along the costal margin of the Gondwana palaeocontinent.
机译：首先对所有奥陶纪地层和约旦南部沙漠的成员进行了古生物学研究。唯一的硅质碎屑演替是河流，河流三角洲和全海相的，并且从寒武纪地层一直持续发展到赫南特晚期冰川沉积。鱼栖类动物出现在大的露头表面，非常丰富且高度多样性。基于从各种地层中保存完好的材料进行的大量分类学鉴定，得出该序列的生物地层学测定结论为早奥陶纪晚期到晚奥陶纪晚期。根据建筑设计的类别，确定了五个民族学组中的二十四个鱼鳞目，两个形态型和十五个鱼鳞纲。 （1）水平的洞穴和小径（节肢动物的痕迹）：克鲁萨纳（Cruziana rugosa），弯角线虫（C. furcifera），弯角线虫（C. goldfussi），弯线角虫（C.rouaulti），弯角线虫（C.almadenensis），弯角虫（C.isp。），Diplichnites cf. D. gouldi，D。形态A，D。形态B，Monomorphichnus参见。 lineatus，请参阅。 Monomorphichnus，Rusophycus didymus，R。aff。彼得雷乌斯aff。 almadenensis; （2）垂直洞穴：槟榔石，单克拉皮石，红皮石楠，Skolithos linearis; （3）穴形洞穴：Bergaueria perata，B。sucta; （4）水平分支洞穴：Treptichnuscf。足（5）水平的洞穴和小径：吉罗索特（Gyrochorte isp。），管状古球藻（Paleeophycus tubeis），贝弗利山（Planolites beverleyensis），假山绿假虫（Psammichnites gigas），动物园（Zoophycos isp）。奥陶纪早上迪西组（Fm。）的鱼类动物区系由cruzianid（C. rugosa group）和二足节肢动物痕迹（“三叶虫高速公路”），中晚期奥陶纪Dubaydib Fm晚期主导。包含明显更小，几乎单雌激素特异性，但完全被表面覆盖的节肢动物足迹（C. almadenensis）。在某些地方，令人惊讶的单特异质量发生（Skolithos piperock ichnofabric）指出了在下Dubaydib Fm沉积过程中非常特殊的古生态条件。 Mudawwara Fm下部的支配。 （中奥陶纪晚期）表示主要是浅层环境（例如Zoophycos isp。）。根据痕量化石含量和岩相特征，可能与北非地区相关。因此，Disi Fm的上部。以及Umm Sahm Fm的下部。约旦的起源与利比亚东南部的奥陶纪早期地层有关，这是由于金毛梭菌和毛角梭菌的发生。鲁奥氏梭菌与埃及西部，苏丹和利比亚西部的共同发生可能导致其他相关性。在中东地区（约旦，沙特阿拉伯，阿拉伯联合酋长国，伊朗和土耳其）内，由皱纹念珠菌群和相关迹线组成的相似痕迹化石组合以及共同的岩相特征指向相连的浅层陆架区域上较近的古地理区域沿着冈瓦纳古大陆的沿海边缘。

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