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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the air & waste management association >Greenhouse gas emission from small clinics solid waste management scenarios in an urban area of an underdeveloping country: A life cycle perspective
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Greenhouse gas emission from small clinics solid waste management scenarios in an urban area of an underdeveloping country: A life cycle perspective

机译：欠发达国家城市地区小型诊所固体废物管理方案中的温室气体排放：生命周期观点

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This study aimed to investigate the effects on the environment of small clinics solid waste management by applying a life cycle analysis approach. Samples were collected from 371 private clinics situated in densely populated areas of Hyderabad, Pakistan. The solid waste from surveyed clinics was categorically quantified on daily basis for 30 consecutive days. The functional unit for waste was defined as 1 tonne. System limitations were defined as landfilling, incineration, composting, material recovery, and transportation of solid waste. The treatment and disposal methods were assessed according to their greenhouse gas emission rate. For the evaluation, three different scenarios were designed. The second scenario resulted in the highest emission value of 1491.78 kg CO2 eq/tonne of solid waste due to mixed waste incineration, whereas the first scenario could not offer any saving because of uncovered landfilling and 67.5% higher transport fuel consumption than the proposed network. The proposed third scenario was found to be a better solution for urban clinics solid waste management, as it resulted in savings of 951.38 kg CO2 eq/tonne of solid waste. This integrated design is practicable by resource-constrained economy. This system consists of composting, material recovery, and incineration of hazardous waste. The proposed system also includes a feasible transportation method for urban area collection networks. The findings of the present study can play a vital role in documenting evidence and for policymakers to plan the solid waste management of clinics, as previously no studies have been conducted on this particular case. Implications: This study aims to highlight the impact of small clinics solid waste management scenarios on the environment in a developing country's urban area. Life cycle analysis is used for comparison of greenhouse gase emission from different scenarios, including the purposed integrated method. Small clinics play a very important role in health care, and their waste management is a very serious issue; however, there are no previous studies on this particular case to the best knowledge of the authors. This study can be considered as forerunner effort to quantify the environmental footprint of small clinics solid waste in urban areas of a developing country.
机译：这项研究旨在通过应用生命周期分析方法来调查小型诊所固体废物管理对环境的影响。样本是从位于巴基斯坦海得拉巴人口稠密地区的371家私人诊所收集的。连续30天每天对来自被调查诊所的固体废物进行分类。废物的功能单位定义为1吨。系统限制定义为垃圾填埋，焚化，堆肥，材料回收和固体废物运输。根据其温室气体排放率评估处理和处置方法。为了进行评估，设计了三种不同的方案。第二种方案由于混合废物的焚烧而导致固体废物的最高排放值为1491.78 kg CO2当量/吨，而第一种方案由于未发现垃圾填埋场而无法提供任何节余，并且运输燃料消耗比拟议的网络高67.5％。发现拟议的第三种方案是城市诊所固体废物管理的更好解决方案，因为它可以节省951.38千克二氧化碳当量/吨固体废物。由于资源紧张，这种集成设计是可行的。该系统包括堆肥，材料回收和焚化危险废物。拟议的系统还包括一种适用于市区收集网络的运输方法。本研究的结果在记录证据和决策者规划诊所的固体废物管理方面可以发挥至关重要的作用，因为以前尚未对此具体案例进行过研究。启示：本研究旨在强调小型诊所固体废物管理方案对发展中国家城市地区环境的影响。生命周期分析用于比较不同情况下的温室气体排放，包括有目的的综合方法。小型诊所在医疗保健中起着非常重要的作用，其废物管理是一个非常严重的问题。然而，迄今为止，还没有作者对本文的研究。这项研究可以被视为量化发展中国家城市地区小型诊所固体废物的环境足迹的先驱。

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    Khan Bilal Ahmed; Khan Aves Ahmed; Ali Mustafa; Cheng Longsheng;

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    Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Econ & Management, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;

    Southeast Univ, Sch Econ & Management, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;

    Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Environm Sci & Engn, Shanghai, Peoples R China;

    Nanjing Univ Sci & Technol, Sch Econ & Management, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, Peoples R China;

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