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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the air & waste management association >Associations Between Personal, Indoor, And Residential Outdoor Pollutant Concentrations: Implications For Exposure Assessment To Size-fractionated Particulate Matter
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Associations Between Personal, Indoor, And Residential Outdoor Pollutant Concentrations: Implications For Exposure Assessment To Size-fractionated Particulate Matter

机译：个人，室内和住宅室外污染物浓度之间的关联：对大小分级的颗粒物的暴露评估的含义

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摘要

The physical and chemical characteristics of indoor, outdoor, and personal quasi-ultrafine (<0.25 μm)-, accumulation (0.25-2.5 μm)-, and coarse (2.5-10 μm)-mode particles were studied at four different retirement communities in southern California between 2005 and 2007. Linear mixed-effects models and Spearman's correlation coefficients were then used to elucidate the relationships among size-segregated particulate matter (PM) levels, their particle components, and gaseous co-pollutants. Seasonal and spatial differences in the concentrations of all measured species were evaluated at all sites on the basis of P values for product terms. Outdoor quasi-ultrafine (UF) and, to a lesser extent, accumulation-mode particles were the two fractions that best correlated with outdoor concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO_2), nitrogen oxides (NO_x; during both phases of the study), and ozone (O_3; only during the warmer months). Outdoor and indoor concentrations of CO, NO_2, and NO_x were more positively correlated to personal quasi-UF particles than larger size fractions. Despite these findings, it seems unlikely that these gaseous co-pollutants could confound epidemiologic associations between quasi-UF particles and adverse health effects. Overall, measured gaseous co-pollutants were weak surrogates of personal exposure tornaccumulation-mode PM, at least for subjects with similar exposure profiles and living in similar urban locations. Indoor sources were not significant contributors to personal exposure of accumulation and quasi-UF PM, which is predominantly influenced by primary emitted pollutants of outdoor origin. Correlations between personal coarse-mode PM and both outdoor and indoor gaseous co-pollutant concentrations were weak at all sites and during all seasons.
机译：研究了室内，室外和个人准超细（<0.25μm）-，累积（0.25-2.5μm）-和粗糙（2.5-10μm）模式颗粒在四个不同的退休社区的物理和化学特性2005年至2007年间，在南加州。使用线性混合效应模型和Spearman相关系数来阐明尺寸分离的颗粒物（PM）水平，其颗粒成分和气态共污染物之间的关系。根据产品项的P值，在所有地点评估了所有被测物种浓度的季节性和空间差异。在这两个阶段中，室外准超细颗粒（UF）和较小程度的累积模式颗粒是与室外一氧化碳（CO），二氧化氮（NO_2），氮氧化物（NO_x）浓度最佳相关的两个部分。研究）和臭氧（O_3；仅在较温暖的月份）。室内和室外的CO，NO_2和NO_x浓度与个人准UF颗粒的相关性大于较大的比例。尽管有这些发现，但这些气态共污染物似乎不太可能混淆准超滤颗粒与不良健康影响之间的流行病学联系。总体而言，至少对于具有相似暴露曲线且生活在相似城市地区的受试者，所测量的气态共污染污染物是个人暴露于累积模式PM的弱替代物。室内污染源不是个人积累和准超滤颗粒物暴露的重要因素，这些污染物主要受室外来源的主要排放污染物的影响。在所有地点和所有季节，个人粗模式PM与室外和室内气体共污染物浓度之间的相关性都很弱。

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