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Stability of Cyclically Symmetric Strained Pumpkin Balloons and the Formation of Undesired Equilibria

机译：循环对称应变南瓜气球的稳定性和不期望的平衡的形成

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摘要

NASA's effort to develop a large payload, high altitude, long-duration balloon, the ultralong duration balloon, focuses on a pumpkin shape superpressure design. It has been observed that a pumpkin balloon may be unable to pressurize into the desired cyclically symmetric equilibrium configuration, settling into a distorted, undesired state instead. Hoop stress considerations in the pumpkin design lead to choosing the lowest possible bulge radius, whereas robust deployment is favored by a large bulge radius. Mechanical locking may be a contributing factor in the formation of undesired equilibria. Long term success of the pumpkin balloon for NASA requires a thorough understanding of the phenomenon of multiple stable equilibria. This paper uses the notion of stability to classify balloon designs. When we applied our finite element model to a balloon based on the NASA Phase Ⅳ-A pumpkin design, we found the fully inflated/fully deployed strained equilibrium float configuration was unstable. To demonstrate our approach for exploring the stability of constant bulge radius designs and their sensitivity to parameter changes we carry out a number of parametric studies. We focus on analytical studies, but we also compare our results with flight data whenever possible.
机译：NASA致力于开发大型有效载荷，高海拔，长持续时间的气球（超长持续时间的气球）的重点是南瓜形超压设计。已经观察到南瓜气球可能无法加压到期望的循环对称平衡构型，而是沉降到变形的，不期望的状态。南瓜设计中的环向应力考虑因素会导致选择尽可能小的凸出半径，而较大的凸出半径有利于稳健展开。机械锁定可能是形成不希望的平衡的一个重要因素。 NASA南瓜气球的长期成功需要彻底了解多重稳定平衡的现象。本文使用稳定性的概念对气囊设计进行分类。当我们将有限元模型应用于基于NASA阶段Ⅳ-A南瓜设计的气球时，我们发现完全膨胀/完全展开的应变平衡浮子构型是不稳定的。为了证明我们探索恒定凸起半径设计的稳定性及其对参数变化的敏感性的方法，我们进行了许多参数研究。我们专注于分析研究，但也尽可能将我们的结果与飞行数据进行比较。

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