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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Helicopter Society >Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of Hovering Rotors Using a Discrete Adjoint of the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations
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Aerodynamic Shape Optimization of Hovering Rotors Using a Discrete Adjoint of the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes Equations

机译：雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程的离散伴随对悬停转子的空气动力学形状的优化

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摘要

A gradient-based method using a discrete adjoint of the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations is applied to the problem of helicopter blade shape optimization in hover. First, the RANS equations expressed in a specific coordinate system, adapted to the problem of a hovering rotor, are introduced. Then the numerical scheme used to solve the flow equations and the discrete adjoint equation is presented. They are then used within a gradient-based optimizer to perform rotor shape optimizations. The method is applied to the planform optimization of two different rotor blades: a classical rectangular blade and an innovative double swept blade planform. Design variables define the twist, chord, anhedral, and sweep distributions over the blade span, and the objective of the optimization is to improve the rotor figure of merit. The method demonstrated its efficiency in terms of central processing unit time and memory requirement and succeeded in providing interesting rotor blade shapes. The main interest of the present method is its ability to perform local optimization of isolated rotor in hover using an accurate computational fluid dynamics model and accounting for a large number of shape parameters.
机译：使用雷诺平均Navier-Stokes（RANS）方程的离散伴随的基于梯度的方法被应用于悬停中直升机叶片形状优化的问题。首先，介绍了以特定坐标系表示的RANS方程，该方程适用于悬停转子的问题。然后给出了用于求解流动方程和离散伴随方程的数值方案。然后在基于梯度的优化器中使用它们来执行转子形状优化。该方法应用于两种不同转子叶片的平面形状优化：经典矩形叶片和创新的双扫掠叶片平面形状。设计变量定义了叶片跨度上的扭曲，弦，反面和后掠分布，优化的目的是提高转子的品质因数。该方法在中央处理器时间和存储要求方面证明了其效率，并成功提供了有趣的转子叶片形状。本方法的主要兴趣在于其能够使用精确的计算流体动力学模型并考虑大量形状参数来对悬停的转子进行局部优化。

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