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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the American Helicopter Society >Predictions of Rotor Performance in Ground Effect Using a Free-Vortex Wake Model
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Predictions of Rotor Performance in Ground Effect Using a Free-Vortex Wake Model

机译：使用自由涡流模型预测地面效应中的转子性能

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A vortex-singularity based model was developed to examine the performance problem of helicopter rotors operating in ground effect. Both relaxation and time-marching free-vortex wake approaches were examined. Two methods of modeling ground effect were studied, namely the method of images and a surface singularity method. The suitability of each method for the ground effect problem was examined both in hover and in forward flight. Results pertaining to both the predictive performance and the numerical behavior of each solution method are discussed. The vortex wake predictions confirm the basic features of experimental observations that the rotor wake is considerably distorted by the ground, this distortion being a strong function of ground proximity and forward speed. The rotor wake distortion near the ground affects rotor loads and performance, but primarily affects rotor power requirements. Some differences found between the relaxation and time-marching free-vortex wake results suggest that the rotor flow in ground effect was inherently aperiodic. Quantitative predictions of the ground effect problem were compared to experimental measurements, with generally good agreement.
机译：建立了基于涡点奇点的模型，以研究在地面效应下运行的直升机旋翼的性能问题。研究了松弛和时间行进的自由涡旋唤醒方法。研究了两种模拟地面效应的方法，即图像方法和表面奇异性方法。在悬停和向前飞行中都检查了每种方法对地面效应问题的适用性。讨论了与每种求解方法的预测性能和数值行为有关的结果。涡流尾迹的预测证实了实验观察的基本特征，即转子尾流被地面严重扭曲，这种扭曲是地面接近度和前进速度的强大函数。靠近地面的转子尾流失真会影响转子负载和性能，但主要会影响转子功率要求。在松弛和时间行进的自由涡旋苏醒结果之间发现了一些差异，这表明转子在地面效应中的流动固有地是非周期性的。将地面效应问题的定量预测与实验测量结果进行了比较，总体吻合良好。

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