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Structured shock waves and the fourth-power law

机译：结构性冲击波和四次幂定律

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摘要

A fourth-power law relating the stress jump through a steady structured shock wave and the maximum strain rate within the shock wave has received recognition as a unifying relation over a sensibly wide range of materials and shock compression amplitudes. Less widely recognized is the complementary applicability of the invariance of the product of the energy dissipated and the time over which this energy is dissipated through a structure shock wave-a property with the dimensions of action. While the latter invariance implies the fourth-power behavior for steady shock waves, this invariance also has an apparent application to unsteady structured waves under certain conditions. A brief history of the origin of the fourth-power law is provided. Some commentary is offered on the physical principles of solid viscosity in the shock wave and the underlying invariance of the energy-time product in the shock wave event. The results for steady structured waves in porous and composite solids, which do not in general exhibit fourth-power behavior, are examined. Observations of systematic behaviors with component cell size and impedance disparities suggest acoustic scattering may contribute to wave structuring in selected materials.
机译：四次幂定律将应力跳跃通过稳定的结构化冲击波和冲击波内的最大应变率，这已被认为是在相当大范围的材料和冲击压缩幅度上的统一关系。未被广泛认可的是耗散能量乘积的不变性的补充适用性，以及通过结构冲击波（具有作用尺寸的特性）耗散该能量的时间。尽管后一种不变性表示稳定冲击波的四次方行为，但该不变性在某些条件下也可用于非稳定结构波。提供了四次幂定律起源的简要历史。对冲击波中固体粘度的物理原理以及冲击波事件中能量时间乘积的潜在不变性提供了一些评论。检查了多孔和复合固体中稳定的结构化波的结果，这些结果通常不表现出四次方的行为。观察具有组件单元大小和阻抗差异的系统行为，表明声散射可能有助于所选材料的波结构。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Applied Physics》 |2010年第1期|013506.1-013506.13|共13页
  • 作者

    Dennis E. Grady;

  • 作者单位

    Applied Research Associates, Southwest Division, 4300 San Mateo Blvd. NE, A-220, Albuquerque,New Mexico 87110-129, USA;

  • 收录信息 美国《科学引文索引》(SCI);美国《工程索引》(EI);美国《生物学医学文摘》(MEDLINE);
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