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Methods for estimating relative risk in studies of common binary outcomes

机译：常见二元结局研究中相对风险的估算方法

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摘要

Studying the effect of exposure or intervention on a dichotomous outcome is very common in medical research. Logistic regression (LR) is often used to determine such association which provides odds ratio (OR). OR often overestimates the effect size for prevalent outcome data. In such situations, use of relative risk (RR) has been suggested. We propose modifications in Zhang and Yu and Diaz-Quijano methods. These methods were compared with stratified Mantel Haenszel method, LR, log binomial regression (LBR), Zhang and Yu method, Poisson/Cox regression, modified Poisson/Cox regression, marginal probability method, COPY method, inverse probability of treatment weighted LBR, and Diaz-Quijano method. Our proposed modified Diaz-Quijano (MDQ) method provides RR and its confidence interval similar to those estimated by modified Poisson/Cox and LBRs. The proposed modifications in Zhang and Yu method provides better estimate of RR and its standard error as compared to Zhang and Yu method in a variety of situations with prevalent outcome. The MDQ method can be used easily to estimate the RR and its confidence interval in the studies which require reporting of RRs. Regression models which directly provide the estimate of RR without convergence problems such as the MDQ method and modified Poisson/Cox regression should be preferred.
机译：在医学研究中，研究暴露或干预对二分结果的影响非常普遍。逻辑回归（LR）通常用于确定提供比值比（OR）的关联。或通常会高估普遍结果数据的效应大小。在这种情况下，建议使用相对风险（RR）。我们建议对Zhang和Yu以及Diaz-Quijano方法进行修改。将这些方法与分层的Mantel Haenszel方法，LR，对数二项回归（LBR），Zhang and Yu方法，泊松/ Cox回归，改进的泊松/ Cox回归，边际概率方法，COPY方法，治疗加权LBR的逆概率进行比较，并且Diaz-Quijano方法。我们提出的改进的Diaz-Quijano（MDQ）方法提供的RR及其置信区间与改进的Poisson / Cox和LBR估计的结果相似。与Zhang和Yu方法相比，在各种具有普遍结果的情况下，Zhang和Yu方法的拟议修改可以更好地估计RR及其标准误。 MDQ方法可轻松用于估计需要报告RR的研究中的RR及其置信区间。应首选直接提供RR估计而没有收敛问题的回归模型，例如MDQ方法和改进的Poisson / Cox回归。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of applied statistics》 |2014年第4期|484-500|共17页
  • 作者

    Alok Kumar Dwivedi; Indika Mallawaarachchi; Soyoung Lee; Patrick Tarwater;

  • 作者单位

    Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA;

    Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA;

    Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA;

    Division of Biostatistics & Epidemiology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    logistic regression; modified Diaz-Quijano method; modified Zhang and Yu method; relative risk; odds ratio;

    机译：逻辑回归修改的Diaz-Quijano方法;修改了张玉方法;相对风险;比值比;

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