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An NP Control Chart Using Double Inspections

机译：使用双重检查的NP控制图

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摘要

The np control chart is used widely in Statistical Process Control (SPC)for attributes. It is difficult to design an np chart that simultaneously satisfies a requirement on false alarm rate and has high detection effectiveness. This is mainly because one is often unable to make the in-control Average Run Length ARL_0 of an np chart close to a specified or desired value. This article proposes a new np control chart which is able to overcome the problems suffered by the conventional np chart. It is called the Double Inspection (DI) np chart, because it uses a double inspection scheme to decide the process status (in control or out of control). The first inspection decides the process status according to the number of non-conforming units found in a sample; and the second inspection makes a decision based on the location of a particular non-conforming unit in the sample. The double inspection scheme makes the in-control ARL_0 very close to a specified value and the out-of-control Average Run Length ARL_1 quite small. As a result, the requirement on a false alarm rate is satisfied and the detection effectiveness also achieves a high level. Moreover, the DI np chart retains the operational simplicity of the np chart to a large degree and achieves the performance improvement without requiring extra inspection (testing whether a unit is conforming or not).
机译：np控制图广泛用于统计过程控制（SPC）中的属性。设计难以同时满足误报率要求和高检测效率的np图是困难的。这主要是因为通常无法使np图表的控制内平均游程长度ARL_0接近指定值或所需值。本文提出了一种新的np控制图，它能够克服常规np图所遇到的问题。之所以称为双重检查（DI）np图，是因为它使用双重检查方案来确定过程状态（处于控制状态还是处于失控状态）。第一次检查根据样品中发现的不合格单元的数量确定过程状态；第二次检查根据样品中特定不合格单元的位置做出决定。双重检查方案使控制中的ARL_0非常接近指定值，并且控制外的平均游程长度ARL_1很小。结果，满足了对虚警率的要求，并且检测效率也达到了很高的水平。此外，DI np图在很大程度上保留了np图的操作简单性，并且无需进行额外检查（测试单元是否合格）即可实现性能改进。

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