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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Asian earth sciences >Tectonic footprints and landscape evaluation along Kulur River valley, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India
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Tectonic footprints and landscape evaluation along Kulur River valley, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya, India

机译：印度库玛恩小喜马拉雅山库鲁河河谷的构造足迹和景观评价

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摘要

Tectonic reactivation along the major boundary thrusts and subsidiary thrust/faults in the Himalaya during the Quaternary period has resulted in the rejuvenation of the landforms. Considering, the role of neotectonic activity in the hazardous Kumaun region, we aim to study the neotectonically formed landscape along the Kulur River valley, a non glacier fed tributary of the Saryu River in the zone of the Berinag Thrust (BT). The field evidences encompassing a variety of geomorphic indicators, e.g., unpaired fluvial terraces, palaeo river channels, alluvial fans, active and stabilized landslides, lineaments, waterfalls, alignment of springs, deeply dissected hills, straight/meandering course of rivers/streams, V-shaped valleys, triangular fault facets and water logged/river ponding along with integrated values of eight morphometric parameters and Stream Steepness index (Ks) indices characterize the modification of landscape in the Kulur River valley. The computed morphometric parameters in the Kulur River drainage and its tributaries show that the basin has been tilted and uplifted forming V-shaped valleys along with deformed and disequilibrium longitudinal profile, thereof, suggesting it to be controlled by lithology and tectonics. Based on the response of active tectonics in form of geomorphic features and quantitative measurements of river channels, the entire basin has been divided into three segments in which the northern and southern segments are active compared to the middle sector. A possible NNE-SSW trending lineament/fault, running parallel to the Kulur River has been observed in the upper catchment and is characterized by fluvial terraces, river ponding and deflection and offsetting of drainage with rectangular pattern etc. This may have given rise to the widening and straightening of river courses which provide the favorable room for river ponding, resulting in deposition of about 2 m thick lacustrine mud deposit.
机译：第四纪喜马拉雅沿主要边界逆冲和次生逆冲/断层的构造活化导致了地貌的复兴。考虑到新构造活动在危险的库马恩地区的作用，我们旨在研究沿库鲁河河谷的新构造地貌，库鲁河河谷是贝里纳格推力（BT）地区萨留河的非冰川支流。现场证据包括各种地貌指标，例如，未成对的河床阶地，古河道，冲积扇，活跃和稳定的滑坡，线状，瀑布，泉水对齐，深层切割的山丘，河流/溪流的直线/弯道，V形状的山谷，三角形断层面和注水/河流蓄水以及八个形态学参数和溪流陡度指数（Ks）指数的综合值表征了库鲁河河谷景观的变化。计算得出的库鲁河流域及其支流的形态参数表明，该盆地已发生倾斜和抬升，形成了V形谷，并形成了变形和不平衡的纵向剖面，表明该盆地受岩性和构造学控制。基于地貌特征形式的活跃构造响应和河道的定量测量，整个盆地被分为三个部分，与中间部分相比，北部和南部部分是活跃的。在上游流域已经观察到一种可能的，与库鲁河平行的NNE-SSW趋势线/断层，其特征是河流阶地，河流蓄水池和偏流和矩形图案的排水偏移等。这可能导致了河道的拓宽和拉直为河流蓄水池提供了有利的空间，导致沉积了约2 m厚的湖相泥浆沉积物。

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