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Genetic waveform modeling for the crustal structure in Northeast Japan

机译：日本东北部地壳结构的遗传波形模拟

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摘要

We propose a genetic algorithm (GA) search procedure for waveform modeling of local crustal earthquakes for optimal one-dimensional (1-D) crustal velocity model. Both waveforms and travel-time data are used for the structure determination. The use of travel times in model evaluation improves the waveform modeling performance in the sense of computation speed and accuracy. We applied this method to broadband waveforms of a local crustal earthquake (M 4.2) in Northeast Japan. P-wave velocities of the crustal model are found to be 4.95 ± 0.30, 5.9 ± 0.02, and 6.51 ± 0.20 km/s for a surface layer, upper crust and lower crust, respectively. The surface layer thickness and the Conrad and Moho depths are found to be 3.01 ± 0.8, 17.77 ± 0.4 and 34.59 ± 1.0 km, respectively. For epicentral distances ＜200 km, our synthetic waveforms match the observed ones generally well. Early arrivals are mainly observed at stations near the Pacific coast in the forearc area having a thinner crust. In contrast, delayed arrivals appear at stations near the volcanic front and back-arc areas where low-velocity anomalies exist due to the effect of the Pacific slab dehydration and the hot upwelling flows in the mantle wedge. In general, our results agree well with the main tectonic setting of the study area, which confirms the reliability of the proposed approach. Despite a 1-D velocity model is too simple to represent the complex crustal structure, it is still required for the conventional routine analysis of seismology, such as earthquake location and source parameter studies. The current approach is considered as a step toward the genetic full waveform modeling for the 3-D velocity model estimation.
机译：我们提出了一种用于局部地壳地震波形建模的遗传算法（GA）搜索程序，以优化一维（1-D）地壳速度模型。波形和行进时间数据都用于结构确定。从计算速度和准确性的角度来看，在模型评估中使用旅行时间可以改善波形建模性能。我们将此方法应用于日本东北部地区地壳地震（M 4.2）的宽带波形。对于表层，上地壳和下地壳，地壳模型的P波速度分别为4.95±0.30、5.9±0.02和6.51±0.20 km / s。表层厚度和康拉德和莫霍深度分别为3.01±0.8、17.77±0.4和34.59±1.0 km。对于震中距离＜200 km，我们的合成波形通常与观测到的波形完全匹配。早期到来主要是在前壳区域太平洋海岸附近的台站，地壳较薄。相反，由于太平洋板块脱水和地幔楔中的热上升流的影响，延迟到达出现在火山低速异常存在的火山前和弧后区域附近。总的来说，我们的结果与研究区域的主要构造背景非常吻合，这证实了所提出方法的可靠性。尽管一维速度模型太简单了，无法代表复杂的地壳结构，但对于常规地震学常规分析（例如地震位置和震源参数研究）仍然是必需的。当前的方法被视为迈向3D速度模型估计的遗传全波形建模的一步。

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