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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Asian earth sciences >Holocene versus modern catchment erosion rates at 300 MW Baspa Ⅱ hydroelectric power plant (India, NW Himalaya)
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Holocene versus modern catchment erosion rates at 300 MW Baspa Ⅱ hydroelectric power plant (India, NW Himalaya)

机译：300 MW BaspaⅡ水电站的全新世与现代流域侵蚀速率（印度，喜马拉雅山西北部）

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摘要

300 MW Baspa Ⅱ is India's largest private hydroelectric facility, located at the Baspa River which is an important left-hand tributary to the Sutlej River in the NW Himalaya (India). In this valley the Sangla pal-aeo-lake has been dammed around 8200 yr BP behind a rock-avalanche dam and Baspa Ⅱ is located exactly on top of this palaeo-lake. This special location represents a very rare possibility to evaluate the short-term, river load and hydrological parameters measured during the planning and operational stages of Baspa Ⅱ with the long-term parameters gained from the palaeo-lake sediments from the catchment. Sedimentological and geomorphological investigations of the lacustrine sediments have been used to reconstruct environmental changes during >2500 years of its existence. The Mid-Holocene erosion rates of the Baspa catchment estimated from the volume and duration of deposition of the exposed lake sediments are at 0.7-1.0 mm yr~(-1), almost identical with the modern erosion rates calculated from river gauge data from Baspa II. Several charcoal layers and charcoal pieces from the uppermost palaeo-lake levels around 5000 cal yr BP might be related to woodland clearance and they possibly represent one of the oldest evidences for human presence in the Baspa Valley during Neolithic time.
机译：300兆瓦的BaspaⅡ是印度最大的私人水力发电站，位于印度西北部喜马拉雅山Sutlej河重要的左支流Baspa河上。在这个山谷中，桑格拉pal-aeo-lake湖已被建在约8200年BP的岩石雪崩坝后，BaspaⅡ恰好位于该古湖的顶部。这个特殊的位置代表了非常罕见的可能性，即利用从流域的古湖沉积物中获得的长期参数来评估BaspaⅡ的规划和运营阶段中测得的短期，河流负荷和水文参数。湖泊沉积物的沉积学和地貌学调查已被用来重建其存在超过2500年的环境变化。根据裸露的湖泊沉积物的沉积量和沉积持续时间估算的Baspa流域中全新世侵蚀率约为0.7-1.0 mm yr〜（-1），与根据Baspa的河流水位数据计算得出的现代侵蚀率几乎相同二。大约在5,000 yr BP BP的最高古湖水位上的几个木炭层和木炭碎片可能与林地清除有关，它们可能代表着新石器时代人类在巴斯巴河谷存在的最古老证据之一。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Asian earth sciences》 |2014年第15期|157-172|共16页
  • 作者

    Erich Draganits; Susanne Gier; Christa-Ch. Hofmann; Christoph Janda; Bodo Bookhagen; Bernhard Grasemann;

  • 作者单位

    Department of Ceodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria,Department of Prehistoric and Historical Archaeology, University of Vienna, Franz-Klein-Casse I, A-1190 Vienna, Austria;

    Department of Ceodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;

    Department of Palaeontology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;

    Geological Survey of Austria, Neulinggasse 38, A-1030 Vienna, Austria;

    Department of Geography, University of California Santa Barbara, 1832 Ellison Hall, Santa Barbara, CA 93106-4060, USA;

    Department of Ceodynamics and Sedimentology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria;

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  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Erosion; River load; Lake sediments; Palynology; Landslide-dammed lake;

    机译：侵蚀;河流负荷湖泊沉积物;孢粉学;滑坡坝;

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