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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Asian earth sciences >Distribution and development of submarine mud volcanoes on the Makran Continental Margin, offshore Pakistan
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Distribution and development of submarine mud volcanoes on the Makran Continental Margin, offshore Pakistan

机译：海上巴基斯坦潜艇泥火山潜艇泥火山的分布与发展

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摘要

In 2018, China Geological Survey and National Institute of Oceanography of Pakistan conducted a comprehensive geological survey on the Makran Continental Margin offshore Pakistan using the R/V Haiyangdizhi10. Seismic profiles, multibeam bathymetric and water column data, and seafloor observations were obtained during the expedition. Twelve mud volcanoes and three pockmarks were discovered in the surveyed area on the Makran Continental Margin. The heights of the mud volcanoes and the depths of the pockmarks are 12C121 m and ?108 to ?26 m, respectively, with diameter of 500C1400 m. The mud volcanoes are distributed on top of the W-E trending ridges at 1200C2800 m water depth. Six mud volcanoes and one pockmark were active during the investigation as indicated by the gas flares mapped in the multibeam water column data. Acoustic blanking zones, faults and gas chimneys are distributed ubiquitously beneath the mud volcanoes on the seismic profiles. Their spatial correlation with mud volcanoes indicates that the faults and gas chimneys provide pathways for fluid migration. In addition, the Bottom Simulating Reflectors (BSR), interface of gas hydrate and free gas, were also discovered in multiple seismic profiles. Based on the BSR discontinuity and piercing of the gas chimneys, it is inferred that mud volcano activities might cause gas hydrate dissociation, leading to the upward movement of the BSR. Tectonic uplifting, seismic-induced shock and fluid overpressure induced by rapid sedimentation are the major driving forces for the mud volcano formation and development. Gases from deep strata and gas hydrate decomposition are suspected to provide additional forces for fluid migration. Pressure decrease in the deep subsurface and gas hydrate sealing of the faults and fracture are speculated to be important in controlling the intermittent mud volcano activities and potential pockmark formation. The new model of mud volcano activities depicted in this study might be applicable to other mud volcanoes elsewhere.
机译：2018年，中国地质调查和巴基斯坦国家海洋学研究所在海上巴基斯坦Makran Continental Margin进行了全面的地质调查，使用R / V Haiyangdizhi10。在探险期间获得地震曲线，多沟浴碱和水柱数据和海底观测。在Makran Continental Margin的调查区域发现了十二个泥火山和三个麻木。泥火山的高度分别为12c121 m，分别为12c121 m，分别为12c121 m，直径为500c1400米。泥火山分布在W-E横向脊顶部，在1200c2800米水深。在调查期间，六个泥火山和一个Pockmark在调查期间处于活动状态，如MultiBeam水列数据中的气体耀斑所示。声消隐区，故障和气体烟囱在地震型材上的泥浆火山下方分布。它们与泥火山的空间相关性表明故障和气体烟囱提供流体迁移的途径。另外，在多种地震型材中也发现了底部模拟反射器（BSR），气体水合物和游离气体的界面。根据BSR的不连续性和气体烟囱刺穿，推断泥浆火山活动可能导致天然气水合物解离，从而导致BSR的向上运动。通过快速沉淀诱导的构造振奋，地震诱导的冲击和流体过度压力是用于泥浆的形成和发育的主要驱动力。怀疑来自深层地层和天然气水合物分解的气体，为流体迁移提供额外的力。断层和气体水合物密封的压力降低，突破了控制间歇性泥质火山活动和潜在的Pockmark形成是重要的。本研究中描述的泥火山活动的新模型可能适用于其他地方的其他泥火山。

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  • 来源
    《Journal of Asian earth sciences》 |2021年第3期|104653.1-104653.9|共9页
  • 作者

    Wu T.; Deng X.; Yao H.; Liu B.; Ma J.; Yu Z.; Wang L.; Yu M.; Lu J.; Wei J.; Haider S.W.; Sohoo E.N.; Kalhoro N.A.; Kahkashan S.;

  • 作者单位

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China|Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    National Institute of Oceanography Karachi Pakistan;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China;

    National Institute of Oceanography Karachi Pakistan;

    National Institute of Oceanography Karachi Pakistan;

    National Institute of Oceanography Karachi Pakistan;

    MLR Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Guangzhou Marine Geological Survey Guangzhou 510075 China|Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458 China;

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  • 原文格式 PDF
  • 正文语种 eng
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  • 关键词

    Gas chimney; Gas hydrate; Gas migration; Makran Accretion Wedge; Mud volcano; Pockmark;

    机译：燃气烟囱;天然气水合物;气体迁移;Makran Accretion楔;泥火山;嬉戏;

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