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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of the Association of Environmental and Resource Economists >Fuel Prices, New Vehicle Fuel Economy, and Implications for Attribute-Based Standards
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Fuel Prices, New Vehicle Fuel Economy, and Implications for Attribute-Based Standards

机译：燃油价格，新车燃油经济性以及基于属性的标准的含义

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摘要

Energy efficiency standards based on product attributes may interact with market conditions and affect the overall stringency of the standards. In this paper we analyze the interaction between gasoline prices and the redesigned and tightened federal fuel economy standards. Tightened standards tend to reduce the effect of gasoline prices on market shares. Furthermore, under the standards a vehicle's fuel economy requirement depends on its size. Lower gasoline prices incentivize consumers to purchase new vehicles with lower fuel economy, which are typically larger and therefore face lower fuel economy requirements. Using monthly data from 1996 to 2015, we find that fuel prices have had a smaller effect on market shares in recent years than previously. This result appears to be driven by a stronger response to rising than falling or stable prices. We construct two proxies for the stringency of the standards, and we find limited evidence that the standards affect the relationship between fuel prices and market shares. Using the estimated responsiveness to fuel costs from the 2008-15 period, the estimates imply that the 25% gasoline price decrease between 2014 and 2015 had a modest effect on average fuel economy and the average fuel economy required by the standards.
机译：基于产品属性的能效标准可能会与市场状况互动并影响标准的整体严格性。在本文中，我们分析了汽油价格与重新设计并收紧的联邦燃油经济性标准之间的相互作用。严格的标准往往会降低汽油价格对市场份额的影响。此外，根据标准，车辆的燃油经济性要求取决于其尺寸。较低的汽油价格激励消费者购买燃油经济性较低的新车，这些车辆通常较大，因此面临较低的燃油经济性要求。使用1996年至2015年的月度数据，我们发现近年来燃油价格对市场份额的影响比以前小。这一结果似乎是由于对价格上涨的反应比对价格下跌或稳定所做出的反应更强烈。我们为标准的严格性构建了两个代理，并且我们发现有限的证据表明标准会影响燃油价格和市场份额之间的关系。使用估计的对2008-15年度燃料成本的响应能力，该估计意味着2014年至2015年间汽油价格下降25％对平均燃油经济性和该标准要求的平均燃油经济性产生了适度的影响。

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