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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology >A Comparative Assessment of Surface Wind Speed and Sea Surface Temperature over the Indian Ocean by TMI, MSMR, and ERA-40
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A Comparative Assessment of Surface Wind Speed and Sea Surface Temperature over the Indian Ocean by TMI, MSMR, and ERA-40

机译：TMI，MSMR和ERA-40对印度洋上的地表风速和海面温度的比较评估

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A 2-yr (June 1999-June 2001) observation of ocean surface wind speed (SWS) and sea surface temperature (SST) derived from microwave radiometer measurements made by a multifrequency scanning microwave radiometer (MSMR) and the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Microwave Imager (TMI) is compared with direct measurements by Indian Ocean buoys. Also, for the first time SWS and SST values of the same period obtained from 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) have been evaluated with these buoy observations. The SWS and SST are shown to have standard deviations of 1.77 m s~(-1) and 0.60 K for TMI, 2.30 m s~(-1) and 2.0 K for MSMR, and 2.59 m s~(-1) and 0.68 K for ERA-40, respectively. Despite the fact that MSMR has a lower-frequency channel, larger values of bias and standard deviation (STD) are found compared to those of TMI. The performance of SST retrieval during the daytime is found to be better than that at nighttime. The analysis carried out for different seasons has raised an important question as to why one spaceborne instrument (TMI) yields retrievals with similar biases during both pre- and postmon-soon periods and the other (MSMR) yields drastically different results. The large bias at low wind speeds is believed to be due to the poorer sensitivity of microwave emissivity variations at low wind speeds. The extreme SWS case study (cyclonic condition) showed that satellite-retrieved SWS captured the trend and absolute magnitudes as reflected by in situ observations, while the model (ERA-40) failed to do so. This result has direct implications on the real-time application of satellite winds in monitoring extreme weather events.
机译：从多频扫描微波辐射计（MSMR）和热带雨量测量任务（TRMM）进行的微波辐射计测量中获得的海表风速（SWS）和海面温度（SST）的2年观测结果（1999年6月至2001年6月） ）将微波成像仪（TMI）与印度洋浮标的直接测量结果进行了比较。同样，首次利用这些浮标对从40年ECMWF重新分析（ERA-40）获得的同一时期的SWS和SST值进行了评估。 SWS和SST对于TMI具有标准偏差1.77 ms〜（-1）和0.60 K，对于MSMR具有2.30 ms〜（-1）和2.0 K，对于ERA具有2.59 ms〜（-1）和0.68 K -40。尽管MSMR具有较低的频率，但与TMI相比，发现偏差和标准偏差（STD）的值较大。发现白天的SST检索性能要好于夜间。针对不同季节进行的分析提出了一个重要的问题，即为什么一个航天器（TMI）在季风前后前后都会产生具有相似偏差的取回，而另一个（MSMR）会产生截然不同的结果。低风速下的大偏差被认为是由于低风速下微波发射率变化的敏感性较差。极端SWS案例研究（气旋条件）表明，卫星观测的SWS捕获了现场观测所反映的趋势和绝对大小，而模型（ERA-40）未能做到。这一结果直接影响了卫星风在监测极端天气事件中的实时应用。

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