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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of atmospheric and oceanic technology >Networked Acoustic Modems for Real-Time Data Delivery from Distributed Subsurface Instruments in the Coastal Ocean: Initial System Development and Performance
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Networked Acoustic Modems for Real-Time Data Delivery from Distributed Subsurface Instruments in the Coastal Ocean: Initial System Development and Performance

机译：从沿海海洋中的分布式地下仪器实时传输数据的网络声学调制解调器：初始系统的开发和性能

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摘要

Results are reported from field tests of networked acoustic modems used for wireless real-time delivery of oceanographic measurements from a distributed array of subsurface instruments in coastal waters. The network demonstrated consists of sensor nodes, repeater nodes, gateway nodes, and a shore-based control center. Sensors are oceanographic instruments interfaced with acoustic modems, deployed in trawl-resistant bottom frames with azimuthally omnidirectional acoustic signaling needed for flexible network rerouting. Repeaters are individual acoustic modems to relay data so the array covers a larger area; only these relatively low-cost nodes are suited for deployment unprotected from trawlers. Gateways are buoys with acoustic modems interfaced to cellular telephone modems for communication between the underwater network and the shore. The experiment site is the inner continental shelf off Montauk Point, New York, and Block Island, Rhode Island, with a U.S. Coast Guard navigation buoy equipped as a gateway. Conditions span a variety of sound-speed profiles, water depths (～25-50 m), and seasons. Long-term average rates of successful transmissions fall to about 50% at a range of 3-4 km in the typically adverse shallow-water acoustic channel. This is adequate for networked acoustic modems to be cost effective in providing quantities of data typically required for data assimilative modeling of coastal oceanographic processes. Modem range degrades in association with increased winds; numerically modeled rays indicate that direct paths between nodes commonly do not exist. Networking functions demonstrated include handshaking protocols, receive-all gateway mode, and rerouting of data pathways from shore in response to a repeater node that is trawled out.
机译：结果报告来自网络声学调制解调器的现场测试，该调制解调器用于从沿海水域中的分布式地下仪器中实时无线传输海洋测量数据。演示的网络包括传感器节点，转发器节点，网关节点和基于岸的控制中心。传感器是与声学调制解调器接口的海洋仪器，部署在防拖网的底架中，并具有方位全方位的声学信号，以实现灵活的网络重新路由。中继器是单独的声学调制解调器，用于中继数据，因此阵列覆盖更大的区域。只有这些成本相对较低的节点才适合不受拖网保护的部署。网关是浮标，带有与蜂窝电话调制解调器接口的声学调制解调器，用于水下网络和海岸之间的通信。实验地点位于纽约蒙托克角和罗德岛布洛克岛的内陆大陆架上，并配备了美国海岸警卫队的导航浮标作为通道。条件跨越各种声速剖面，水深（〜25-50 m）和季节。在通常不利的浅水声通道中，在3-4 km范围内，成功传输的长期平均速率下降到约50％。这足以使网络声学调制解调器在提供沿海海洋过程数据同化建模通常所需的大量数据方面具有成本效益。随着风的增加，调制解调器的范围会降低。数值模拟的射线表明节点之间通常不存在直接路径。演示的网络功能包括握手协议，全部接收网关模式以及响应被拖出的中继器节点从岸上重新路由数据路径。

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