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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cleaner Production >Barriers, enablers and market governance: A review of the policy landscape for repair of consumer electronics in the EU and the U.S.
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Barriers, enablers and market governance: A review of the policy landscape for repair of consumer electronics in the EU and the U.S.

机译：障碍，推动者和市场治理：对欧盟和美国消费电子产品维修政策景观的综述

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摘要

Many strategies have been proposed to support the transition to a Circular Economy (CE). In most cases, circular design and product life-extension practices specify repair as an essential element. In both the EU and the U.S., policymakers are attempting to increase the amount of repairs made, through the introduction of recent EU Ecodesign regulation changes and proposed US Right to Repair legislation. This review explores the current policy landscape for repair services by first outlining legal and market barriers to stakeholder participation in repair activities, and which stakeholders are affected. The review reveals a wide range of fundamental obstacles to both supply and demand of repair, including Intellectual Property, Consumer, Contract, Tax and Chemical laws, along with issues of design, consumer perceptions and markets. Subsequently, the current and proposed policy solutions to address barriers and increase repair activities are reviewed. A comparative assessment of the EU and the U.S. is followed by a discussion on the current repair market governance structure, which is found to be primarily centralized (i.e. repair services concentrated with manufacturers), with possible implications for upscaling repair. New policy proposals challenge this governance. Introducing the concept of a Repair Society Framework as a market transformation tool, we comprehensively discuss the current state of repair and provide an outlook for research and policy in this area. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
机译：已经提出了许多策略来支持向循环经济（CE）过渡。在大多数情况下，循环设计和产品寿命 - 扩展实践指定修复作为必要元素。在欧盟和美国，政策制定者正在试图通过引入最近的欧盟生态发展监管改变并提出了维修立法的权利，提高了所取得的维修金额。该审查通过首先概述利益相关者参与维修活动的法律和市场壁垒以及利益相关者受到影响的影响，探讨了维修服务的当前政策景观。该审查显示了维修服务供需广泛的基本障碍，包括知识产权，消费者，合同，税和化学法以及设计，消费者看法和市场问题。随后，综述了当前和拟议的政策解决方案，以解决障碍和增加维修活动。对欧盟和美国的比较评估随后是关于当前维修市场治理结构的讨论，该结构主要是集中的（即维修服务集中在制造商的修理服务），可能对升级修理产生可能影响。新政策提案挑战该治理。介绍修理社会框架的概念作为市场转型工具，我们全面讨论了当前的维修状态，并为该领域的研究和政策提供了展望。 （c）2020作者。 elsevier有限公司出版

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