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首页> 外文期刊>Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience >Visual Working Memory Load Disrupts Template-guided Attentional Selection during Visual Search
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Visual Working Memory Load Disrupts Template-guided Attentional Selection during Visual Search

机译：视觉工作记忆负荷破坏了视觉搜索过程中模板指导的注意力选择

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Mental representations of target features (attentional templates) control the selection of candidate target objects in visual search. The question where templates are maintained remains controversial. We employed the N2pc component as an electrophysiological marker of template-guided target selection to investigate whether and under which conditions templates are held in visual working memory (vWM). In two experiments, participants memorized one or four shapes (low vs. high vWM load) before either being tested on their memory or performing a visual search task. When targets were defined by one of two possible colors (e.g., red or green), target N2pcs were delayed with high vWM load. This suggests that the maintenance of multiple shapes in vWM interfered with the activation of color-specific search templates, supporting the hypothesis that these templates are held in vWM. This was the case despite participants always searching for the same two target colors. In contrast, the speed of target selection in a task where a single target color remained relevant throughout was unaffected by concurrent load, indicating that a constant search template for a single feature may be maintained outside vWM in a different store. In addition, early visual N1 components to search and memory test displays were attenuated under high load, suggesting a competition between external and internal attention. The size of this attenuation predicted individual vWM performance. These results provide new electrophysiological evidence for impairment of top-down attentional control mechanisms by high vWM load, demonstrating that vWM is involved in the guidance of attentional target selection during search.
机译：目标特征（注意模板）的心理表示控制视觉搜索中候选目标对象的选择。维护模板的问题仍然存在争议。我们将N2pc组件用作模板指导的靶标选择的电生理指标，以研究模板是否以及在何种条件下保存在视觉工作记忆（vWM）中。在两个实验中，参与者先记忆一种或四种形状（低vWM负载与高vWM负载），然后再对其内存进行测试或执行视觉搜索任务。当目标是由两种可能的颜色（例如红色或绿色）之一定义时，目标N2pcs会因vWM负载较高而延迟。这表明vWM中多个形状的维护干扰了特定于颜色的搜索模板的激活，从而支持了将这些模板保存在vWM中的假设。尽管参与者总是在寻找相同的两种目标颜色，但情况确实如此。相反，单个目标颜色始终保持相关性的任务中目标选择的速度不受并发负载的影响，这表明可以在vWM外部的不同商店中维护单个功能的恒定搜索模板。另外，搜索和记忆测试显示的早期视觉N1分量在高负载下会减弱，这表明内部和外部注意力之间存在竞争。此衰减的大小可预测单个vWM性能。这些结果为高vWM负载损害自上而下的注意力控制机制提供了新的电生理证据，表明vWM参与了搜索过程中注意目标选择的指导。

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